READING (100 Flashcards)

(100 cards)

1
Q

What does “ubiquitous” mean?

A

Present everywhere; omnipresent

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2
Q

Define “ephemeral”

A

Lasting for a very short time; temporary

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3
Q

What is the meaning of “catalyst”?

A

Something that causes or accelerates a process or change

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4
Q

Define “dichotomy”

A

A division into two opposing or contrasting groups

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5
Q

What does “pragmatic” mean?

A

Dealing with things practically rather than ideally

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6
Q

Define “altruistic”

A

Showing unselfish concern for others’ welfare

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7
Q

What is the meaning of “indigenous”?

A

Originating naturally in a particular place; native

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8
Q

Define “paradigm”

A

A typical example or pattern; a framework of ideas

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9
Q

What does “anomaly” mean?

A

Something that deviates from what is standard or expected

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10
Q

Define “autonomous”

A

Having the freedom to act independently

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11
Q

What is the meaning of “coherent”?

A

Logical, consistent, and clearly organized

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12
Q

Define “prevalent”

A

Widespread; commonly occurring

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13
Q

What does “scrutinize” mean?

A

To examine something carefully and thoroughly

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14
Q

Define “synthesis”

A

The combination of ideas to form a theory or system

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15
Q

What is the meaning of “ambiguous”?

A

Having more than one possible meaning; unclear

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16
Q

Define “objective”

A

Based on facts rather than personal opinions

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17
Q

What does “subjective” mean?

A

Based on personal opinions, feelings, or beliefs

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18
Q

Define “inference”

A

A conclusion drawn from evidence and reasoning

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19
Q

What is the meaning of “impartial”?

A

Treating all sides fairly; unbiased

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20
Q

Define “credible”

A

Believable; trustworthy

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21
Q

What is the main idea of a passage?

A

The central point or primary message the author wants to convey

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22
Q

What are supporting details?

A

Facts, examples, or evidence that explain or prove the main idea

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23
Q

What is an author’s purpose?

A

The reason why an author writes (to inform, persuade, entertain, or explain)

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24
Q

Define “author’s tone”

A

The author’s attitude toward the subject matter

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25
What is a topic sentence?
The sentence that states the main idea of a paragraph
26
What are context clues?
Words or phrases surrounding an unknown word that help determine its meaning
27
What is a thesis statement?
A sentence that expresses the main argument or point of an essay
28
Define "chronological order"
Organizing information according to time sequence
29
What is cause and effect organization?
Text structure showing how one event leads to another
30
What is compare and contrast structure?
Text organization showing similarities and differences between topics
31
What is problem and solution structure?
Text pattern that presents a problem and offers solutions
32
What is descriptive text structure?
Organization that provides detailed information about a topic
33
What is sequence structure?
Text arranged in step-by-step order or process
34
What are transition words?
Words that connect ideas and show relationships between sentences
35
What does "however" indicate?
Contrast or opposition between ideas
36
What does "therefore" indicate?
A conclusion or result
37
What does "furthermore" indicate?
Additional information or support
38
What does "consequently" indicate?
A result or effect
39
What is a summary?
A brief restatement of main points without personal opinions
40
What is paraphrasing?
Restating information in your own words while maintaining original meaning
41
What is bias?
Prejudice in favor of or against something; one-sided viewpoint
42
What is fact vs. opinion?
Facts are verifiable truths; opinions are personal beliefs or judgments
43
What is a logical fallacy?
Flawed reasoning that weakens an argument
44
What is an assumption?
Something taken for granted without proof
45
What is evidence?
Facts, statistics, examples, or expert testimony supporting a claim
46
What is a counterargument?
An opposing viewpoint to the main argument
47
What is validity in reasoning?
The logical soundness of an argument
48
What is reliability of sources?
The trustworthiness and credibility of information
49
What is primary source?
Original, firsthand information or evidence
50
What is secondary source?
Information that analyzes or interprets primary sources
51
What is a bar graph used for?
Comparing quantities across different categories
52
What is a line graph used for?
Showing changes over time or trends
53
What is a pie chart used for?
Showing parts of a whole as percentages
54
What is a scatter plot used for?
Showing relationships between two variables
55
What is the x-axis?
The horizontal line on a graph
56
What is the y-axis?
The vertical line on a graph
57
What is a legend on a chart?
The key that explains symbols, colors, or patterns
58
What is scale on a graph?
The range of values represented on the axes
59
What is correlation?
A relationship between two variables
60
What is interpolation?
Estimating values between known data points
61
What should you do first when following multi-step directions?
Read all steps completely before beginning
62
What are sequence words?
Words like "first," "next," "then," "finally" that show order
63
What should you do if directions are unclear?
Ask for clarification before proceeding
64
What is the importance of following exact order?
Some steps depend on previous steps being completed correctly
65
What are conditional directions?
Instructions that change based on specific circumstances ("if...then")
66
What is a prerequisite in directions?
Something that must be done or obtained before starting
67
What are safety warnings in directions?
Important cautions to prevent injury or mistakes
68
What is the purpose of numbering steps?
To show the correct sequence and ensure nothing is missed
69
What are materials lists?
Items needed before beginning the procedure
70
What is troubleshooting in directions?
Solutions for common problems that may occur
71
What are guide words in a dictionary?
Words at the top of dictionary pages showing first and last entries
72
What is etymology?
The origin and history of a word
73
What are multiple meanings?
Different definitions a single word can have
74
What is pronunciation in dictionaries?
Phonetic symbols showing how to say a word
75
What are parts of speech labels?
Abbreviations showing if a word is a noun, verb, adjective, etc.
76
What is an appendix in a book?
Additional information at the end of a book
77
What is a glossary?
Alphabetical list of terms with definitions
78
What is an index?
Alphabetical list of topics with page numbers
79
What is a table of contents?
List of chapters or sections with page numbers
80
What are cross-references?
Directions to related information in other parts of a text
81
What is a metaphor?
A direct comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as"
82
What is a simile?
A comparison using "like" or "as"
83
What is personification?
Giving human characteristics to non-human things
84
What is symbolism?
Using objects or actions to represent larger ideas
85
What is irony?
A contrast between expectation and reality
86
What is foreshadowing?
Hints about future events in a story
87
What is theme?
The central message or lesson of a literary work
88
What is setting?
The time and place where a story occurs
89
What is point of view?
The perspective from which a story is told
90
What is conflict?
The struggle between opposing forces in a story
91
What is skimming?
Reading quickly to get a general idea of content
92
What is scanning?
Looking for specific information or keywords
93
What is active reading?
Engaging with text through questioning and note-taking
94
What are margin notes?
Comments written beside text while reading
95
What is highlighting effectively?
Marking only key information, not entire passages
96
What is outlining?
Organizing main ideas and supporting details hierarchically
97
What is Cornell note-taking?
System dividing pages into notes, cues, and summary sections
98
What is the SQ3R method?
Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review study technique
99
What is previewing text?
Looking at headings, subheadings, and graphics before reading
100
What is post-reading review?
Summarizing and reflecting on what was read