Reading and language Arts Flashcards
Reading develops through a series of development stage. As writing development, children move through three stages:
- Emergent Reading
- Beginning Reading
- Fluent Reading
Children’s writing develops through stages from scribbling to conventional writing?
- Emergent Writing
- Beginning Writing
- Fluent Writing
Consonants
Are all sounds represented by letters of the alphabet a,e,I,o,u and sometimes y w
Consonant digraphs
Two or more consonants combined to produce a new sound……Ch,sh,th
Consonant Blends
Are two or more consonants appearing together in words whose individual sounds are blended together. Example: bl,cr,sk,str
Structural analysis
It involves the use of known word parts to identify unknown words. Afffixes, inflectional endings such as -s, -Ed, -ing, -Lu contractions and compound words
Affixes & Root Words
Affixes may be either prefixes that come before the root word ex: un-(not), re-(do again) , pre-(before)
Suffixes
are at the end of a word
Inflectional Endings
Are suffixes that change the tense or degree of a word but not it’s meaning I.e. -Ed, -ing, -ly
Contractions
Are formed when two or more words are shortened into one word.
Example: we will (we’ll) do not (don’t)
Compound Words
To or more root words that are combined into new words.
Example: butter, fly (butterfly)
Long vowel sounds
CV-consonant, vowel such as in the word (ME)
Cve-consonant, vowel, silent e as in the word (BIKE)
CVVC-consonant,vowel,vowel, consonant as in the word (MEET)
Short Vowels
VC-vowel, consonant such as in the word (at)
CVC-consonant, vowel, consonant, as in the word (POT)
R-controlled sounds
Vr- vowel followed by R as in the word (ART)
CVr-consonant, vowel followed by r as in the word car
Digraph/diphthong variations
VV-vowel digraph as in look or vowel diphthong as in (SOIL)
Fluency
The ability to read text with accuracy, appropriate rate, and good expression
Factors that influence Fluency and Comprehension
Prior Knowledge, context, vocabulary knowledge, and attention to graphic cues
Level of Comprehension
- Literal (lowest level, reading the lines)
- Interpretive (second level,read between the lines)
- Evaluative(highest level, read beyond the lines)
Strategies that facilitate comprehension before reading
- Activate prior knowledge( connections they make between the text, their lives and the larger world)
- Predicting(making predictions based on cover)
Strategies that facilitate comprehension during reading
- Mapping text structures (story maps)
- Visualizing (visual images based on the words they read in text)
- Drawing inferences( take what they know and speculate what’s to come)
- Determining important ideas (main ideas and important supporting details)
- Repairing understanding( clarify the authors meaning)
- Using the parts of the book
- Reflect( stop and reflect on literal, interpretive, or evaluative questions)
Strategies that facilitate comprehension after reading
- Synthesize information(combining new information with existing info to form and idea or interpretation)
- Reflecting (think about or reflect on what you have read)
Antonyms
Words that are opposite in meaning
For example: cold,frigid,chilly,cool are all opposite of hot
Synonyms
Words that have the same meaning
For Example: hot(scorching) sizzling(sultry)
Mutiple meaning words
Words that have more than one meaning
Example: Bank
