Readings

Question 1

In 2016, ___- increased in the world after a steady period of decline, it now affect 815 people

Answer 1

world hunger

Question 2

Causes of increased hunger in the world include:

Answer 2

1. Conflicts
2. Climate conditions
3. economic slowdown

Question 3

The region that is most affected by undernourishment is:

Answer 3

Eastern africa

Question 4

…… in children is considered an indicator of a chronic

state of undernutrition.

Answer 4

Stunting

Question 5

In contrast to increased hunger, …… of adults is increasing in
all regions of the world.

Answer 5

obesity

Question 6

T or F : According to the FAO report, obesity is considered a form of
malnutrition.

Answer 6

T

Question 7

In the developed countries, … of adults are obese.

Answer 7

28

Question 8

Obesity can be attributed to

Answer 8

1. issues in the food access
2. Excessive calorie intake
3. inadequate nutrient intake

Question 9

T or F : In contrast to adult obesity, child overweight is not an issue globally.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

The inclusion of inferior substances having properties similar
to the foods in which they are added is :
intentional
unintentional
or accidental

Answer 10

intentional

Question 11

T or F : Removing fat from milk is a form of adulteration, unless it is declared on the package

Answer 11

True

Question 12

T or F : food adulteration is always harmful to human health

Answer 12

F

Question 13

The simplest strategy to prove adulteration is to demonstrate
the presence of a …….

Answer 13

foreign substance

Question 14

A common adulterant in honey is cane sugar. It can be

detected using ……

Answer 14

optical microscopy (physical method) by the detection of cane sugar constititutive cells.

Question 15

name the 4 classes of techniques for detecting adulteration

Answer 15

A. Chemical technique
B. Biochemical technique
C. Physical technique
D. Molecular technique

Question 16

Complete : Added water to milk can be detected by measuring milk’s specific
gravity. This method is classified as a …… for adulteration detection.

Answer 16

physical

Question 17

…… is a chemical method that can detect the

adulteration of olive oil with hazelnut oil.

Answer 17

HPLC

Question 18

Gas chromatography (GC) is a chemical method that can detect ……… to
discriminate among different varieties of the same food product, such as wine.

Answer 18

volatile organic compounds

Question 19

…… is a chemical method that can detect milk adulterants.

Answer 19

FTIR spectroscopy

Question 20

…… is a chemical method that can detect an adulterant and it can
provide structural identification of the adulterant

Answer 20

NMR

Question 21

…… is a molecular method that is used to detect interspecies and varietal adulteration in coffee.

Answer 21

PCR

Question 22

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a low cost molecular marker
detection method. However, it is considered unreliable due to lack of ……

Answer 22

reproductibility

Question 23

Define food adulteration

Answer 23

Food adulteration can be defined as lowering the quality of food by
intentional or unintentional substitution of food with some inferior
foreign particle or by removal of some value added food substitute
from main food item

Question 24

What are the three basic strategies that can be followed to demonstrate that a substance has be adulterated?

Answer 24

Foreign substance : By demonstrating the presence of foreign substance or a marker in the commodity
Derivated from normal level : By demonstrating that a component is deviated from its normal level and
Unlikely profile : By demonstrating that a profile is unlikely to occur

Question 25

Complete : Animal-derived protein accounts currently for almost …… of humanity’s total protein consumption

Answer 25

40%

Question 26

Animal protein production is considered inefficient because : A. Cattle breeding is a major emitter of green house gases B. 40%-50% of global grain production is used as feed

Answer 26

A and B

Question 27

Complete : _____ of global grain | production is used as feed

Answer 27

40%-50%

Question 28

…… are substances that when present in food reduce the availability of one or more nutrients and they are one of the concerns that must be addressed regarding novel proteins.

Answer 28

ANF

Question 29

What are the three factor you need to consider when developping new protein sources?

Answer 29

ANF Contaminent allergens

Question 30

Of the following insects, …… is suggested to be used as food

Answer 30

Alphitobius diaperinus (cockroach)

Question 31

1,4-quinones are an example of …… that are | considered toxic chemicals found in edible insects.

Answer 31

toxic secretions

Question 32

____ are an example of toxic secretion that are | considered toxic chemicals found in edible insects.

Answer 32

1,4-quinones

Question 33

T or F : Seaweeds are subcategory of algae

Answer 33

T

Question 34

…… is a microalgae genus that is suggested for human | consumption.

Answer 34

Arthrospira (Spirulina)

Question 35

Since algae are at the bottom of the aquatic food chain | pyramid, accumulation of ……. is a major concern

Answer 35

Heavy metals

Question 36

….. is the only identified secondary metabolites produced by | duckweed that is toxic to animals at high levels

Answer 36

oxalic acid

Question 37

…… (22:1ω9) is an antinutritional factor in rapeseed that hinders its use as a novel protein for humans.

Answer 37

eruric acid

Question 38

…… is the maximum amount of pesticide residue that is expected to remain on food products when a pesticide is used according to label directions, that will not be a concern to human health

Answer 38

maximum residue limit

Question 39

T or F : To legislate the consumption of novel food product, extensive data on composition, nutritional value and metabolism, intended use, and intake of and levels of hazardous substances in the novel food are essential.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

T or F : In the USA, medications are approved through a formal data-driven process by the FDA. For medicinal cannabis, the dosage has not been established through such a process.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

T or F : Research shows that the use of edible cannabis is declining in jurisdictions where medicinal cannabis have been legalized

Answer 41

False

Question 42

T or F : “Edibles avoid the harmful toxins and health risks that come with smoking cannabis.” Scientifically, this claim is not accurate

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Well-controlled clinical studies on the therapeutic effectiveness of cannabis and its Tconstituents are sparse or nonexistent; hence, the scientific evidence for such claims is of low quality.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

T or F : Research has suggested that regular cannabis use may have detrimental effects on brain development, psychiatric health, and heart health

Answer 44

T

Question 45

…… percent of medical cannabis users experience severe cannabisinduced behavioral impairment

Answer 45

65

Question 46

The major psychoactive ingredient of the cannabis plant responsible for altering the user’s state of mind is ……

Answer 46

∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Question 47

When ingested, 9-THC is converted to …… in the liver, a potent psychoactive metabolite that readily crosses the blood-brain barrier. This metabolite is more potent than 9-THC.

Answer 47

11-oh-thc

Question 48

Drug effect response peaks after …… hours of ingesting cannabis edibles. This delayed onset of drug effect is a major concern in these products.

Answer 48

3

Question 49

The drug effect response of cannabis edibles might last for | …… hours, which is another major concern for these products.

Answer 49

24

Question 50

……, another cannabinoids, is believed to modulate the adverse effects of 9-THC. However, not all research has supported this idea.

Answer 50

CBC : canabidiol

Question 51

t or f : 9-THC and CBD are fat soluble molecules, which delays their clearance from human body.

Answer 51

T

Question 52

T or F : another major concern regarding cannabis edibles is their resemblance to products appealing to children.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

Unintended exposure to cannabis products increased by ……percent in jurisdictions where cannabis is legalized.

Answer 53

30.3

Question 54

A significant portion of consumers don’t use information on nutrition labels to make purchase decisions or find it hard to interpret what is written there.

Answer 54

True