Rebellions Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is the geographical significance of the location of the Western Rebellion?
- The region had a vigorous sense of regional identity (Cornwall had its own language) & conservatism
- Cornwall relied heavily on the meagre profits made from tin mining and suffered serious poverty
- Its people were hostile towards their gentry and the county was prone to rebellion (1497)
What uprising was there in Cornwall before the Western rebellion?
- William Body, a commissioner investigating church property was murdered by his destruction of images
- Devon gentlemen dealt with the uprising, but deep-seated antagonism remained
What even can be seen as the trigger cause of the Western rebellion?
- The introduction of the new Prayer Book (10/06/49)
- Village of Sampford Courtenay were provoked into rebellion by their priests use of the book on whitsunday
What were the key events of the Western Rebellion?
- Protesters assembled in Bodmin (Cornwall) led by Humphrey Arundell who put together a list of articles
- The rebels had gained control of the land around Exeter & the government was also facing Kett’s rebellion
- The rebels were finally put down by a royal army led by Lord Russel in August
Why was Somerset’s response to the Western rebellion limited?
- He was acting on inadequate information and only had limited resources at his survival
- He was struggling to maintain enclosure riots in the midlands, maintain adequate forces on the Scottish border & watch out for French aggression
What was the aftermath of the Western rebellion?
- Key leaders of the rebellion were hanged
- Government forces acted illegally: executing without trials and confiscating & redistributing property
What is the geographical significance of the location of Kett’s rebellion?
- East Anglia was the most densely populated and it was a major textile centre
- A collapse in the textile industry had thrown large numbers of cloth workers out of work
- Many independent small farmers had been badly effected by enclosure by gentry and yeoman farmers
What were the key complaints of Kett’s rebels?
- Increased rents: came in a period of rapid inflation
- Articles relating to religion were based on wanting more capable clergy (rebels were Protestant)
What were the key events of Kett’s rebellion?
- Gangs destroyed enclosures of local landowners, one of whom was Robert Kett who agreed to lead the rebels
- A pardon was offered to rebels who had dispersed, and terms were offered but Kett rejected it
- By 22 July 1549 the rebels had taken Norwich, and later recaptured it from Northampton
What terms were offered to Kett’s rebels?
- Promises were made to prevent landlords acting as farmers of clothiers
- To reduce the price of wool by one third
- To appoint commissioners to deal with abuses
What were the consequences of Kett’s rebellion?
- 27 August 3000 rebels were slaughtered
- Kett was tried and hanged for treason + 49 others were executed
How effective was Somerset in dealing with Kett’s rebellion?
- Somerset’s response was slow and was eventually put down by the Earl of Warwick (Northumberland)
- Somerset originally sent a small army led by Northampton who had to retreat back to London
What were the political causes of Wyatt’s rebellion?
- The rebellion occurred soon after the marriage treaty was announced (Jan 1554)
- Many rebels claimed they only wanted to protest against Mary’s marriage, rather than get rid of her
What were the religious causes of Wyatt’s rebellion?
- Some of the rebels were Protestant and did not want to see a Catholic Restoration
- Religious causes were used to mask political causes
What were the economic causes of Wyatt’s rebellion?
- In Kent, where the rebellion started there had been a long term in the cloth-industry
- Some of the younger gentlemen at court feared Philip’s presence at court might adversely affect their career opportunities
What were the key events of Wyatt’s rebellion?
Discussions by some gentry at court about replacing Mary with Elizabeth & marry Edward Courtenay
- Courtenay was made to confess & the rebellion only raised supports in 1/4 planned locations (Kent)
- Wyatt managed to persuade Norfolk’s troops to join him and reached Kingston before being stopped
What were the consequences of Wyatt’s rebellion?
- Wyatt & 90 other rebels executed
- Lady Jane Grey and her husband were executed
- Wyatt was martyred: people dipped handkerchiefs in his blood at the execution
How serious was Wyatt’s rebellion?
- It was only 6 months since Mary had gained the popular support for her accession to the throne
- The rebellion threatened the capital & Wyatt’s troops were 1/2 km from Queen Mary
