Recorded Revision Notes Flashcards
What are biological catalysts ?
Enzymes eg Salt
give a specific reaction PH7 at 37 D
What are co factors or co enzymes?
Co factors can be inorganic (metal zinc) or organic molecules (vitamins)
They are involved in catalysts enzymes need them for catalyst reactions
Co factors or co enzymes can be reversible or irreversible COVALANT BONDING in strong ones
Explain lock and Key ??
Active site is the same perfect fit to the sub-straight, no change in enzyme during binding site
Explain induced fit?
Active site changes for a better fit when released it returns to original shape
What direction dose the Alpha Glucose point?
Alpha glucose OH is pointing down
What direction dose beta glucose point?
Beta glucose OH is pointing upwards
2 Glucose binding form??
Maltose
Two Alpha D glucose form?
Form a Dyesacoryde some are reducing sugars some are not
Almost every reaction is a condensation reaction giving off water to form what bond?
Glycosidic bond condensation reaction builds molecules
Hydrolysis reaction breaks them apart
5 carbons on the left is a?
Pentose
6 Carbon on the Right is a ?
Hexose
Fructose is a Hexo sugar
If an anomeric carbons OH is on the left it is classed as?
L
If an anomeric carbons OH is on the Right it is classed as ?
D
An Aldo’s open chain forms?
An Aldehyde
Where is oxygen on a Ketose?
In the middle of the chain
Lactose and glucose are monosaccharides and are reducing sugars with an anomeric carbon that can open to form ??
Forms an aldyhiyde
What is sacros?
Sacros in a non reducing anomeric carbon after oxygen is involved in the blood
Explain zwitterion’s ?
They are + or - form half way between PKa of the acid and amine
Amino acid has no charge 1+ and 1- can act as a buffer giving up sodium ions or taking sodium ions, won’t dissolve
What dose Alanine have?
Has a chiral centre and a Methyle R group
What dose Glycine have ?
No chiral centre
What dose proline do?
Can loop back on its self can form beta pelted sheets
What dose Cystine form?
Form disulphide bridges with covalent bonds but they join on R-groups
What is the Alpha helix held by?
Held by hydrogen bonds all R groups stick out can interact with other R-groups and molecules
3.6 turn , 3 molecules 2 atoms per turn
