Red Rising Flashcards
(242 cards)
1
Q
Ruefully
A
adverb
in a way that expresses sorrow or regret, especially in a wry or humorous manner.
“the actor ruefully remarked that you are only as good as your last film”
2
Q
Larder
A
noun
a room or large cupboard for storing food.
3
Q
Conceited
A
adjective
excessively proud of oneself; vain.
“Fred’s so conceited he’d never believe anyone would refuse him”
4
Q
Contingency
A
noun
1. a future event or circumstance which is possible but cannot be predicted with certainty.
“a detailed contract which attempts to provide for all possible contingencies”
2. a provision for a possible event or circumstance.
“stores were kept as a contingency against a blockade”
3. an incidental expense.
“allow an extra fifteen per cent on the budget for contingencies”
5
Q
Imploring
A
adjective
making an earnest or desperate appeal.
“an imploring look”
6
Q
Impudent
A
adjective
not showing due respect for another person; impertinent.
“he could have strangled this impudent upstart”
7
Q
Ingenuity
A
noun
the quality of being clever, original, and inventive.
“considerable ingenuity must be employed in writing software”
8
Q
Auspicious
A
adjective
1. conducive to success; favourable.
“it was not the most auspicious moment to hold an election”
2. giving or being a sign of future success.
“they said it was an auspicious moon—it was rising”
ARCHAIC
3. characterized by success; prosperous.
“he was respectful to his auspicious customers”
9
Q
Heterogeneous
A
adjective
1. diverse in character or content.
“a large and heterogeneous collection”
CHEMISTRY
2. of or denoting a process involving substances in different phases (solid, liquid, or gaseous).
“heterogeneous catalysis”
MATHEMATICS
3. incommensurable through being of different kinds, degrees, or dimensions.
10
Q
Perfidious
A
adjective LITERARY
deceitful and untrustworthy.
“a perfidious lover”
11
Q
Facsimile
A
noun
an exact copy, especially of written or printed material.
“a facsimile of the manuscript”
verb
make a copy of.
“the ride was facsimiled for another theme park”
12
Q
Fickle
A
adjective
changing frequently, especially as regards one’s loyalties or affections.
“celebs trying to appeal to an increasingly fickle public”
13
Q
Cherub
A
noun
a winged angelic being described in biblical tradition as attending on God, represented in ancient Middle Eastern art as a lion or bull with eagles’ wings and a human face and regarded in traditional Christian angelology as an angel of the second highest order of the ninefold celestial hierarchy.
a representation of a cherub in Western art, depicted as a chubby, healthy-looking child with wings.
14
Q
Impugn
A
verb
dispute the truth, validity, or honesty of (a statement or motive); call into question.
“the father does not impugn her capacity as a good mother”
15
Q
Grandiloquent
A
adjective
pompous or extravagant in language, style, or manner, especially in a way that is intended to impress.
“a grandiloquent celebration of Spanish glory”
16
Q
Revile
A
verb
criticize in an abusive or angrily insulting manner.
“he was now reviled by the party that he had helped to lead”
17
Q
Lithe
A
adjective
bending readily; pliant; limber; supple; flexible.
“the lithe body of a ballerina.”
18
Q
Castellan
A
noun
a governor or warden of a castle or fort
19
Q
Archipelago
A
noun
an area that contains a chain or group of islands scattered in lakes, rivers, or the ocean.
20
Q
Brandish
A
verb
wave or flourish (something, especially a weapon) as a threat or in anger or excitement.
“a man leaped out brandishing a knife”
21
Q
Convalesce
A
verb
recover one’s health and strength over a period of time after an illness or medical treatment.
“he spent eight months convalescing after the stroke”
22
Q
Pulvinar
A
noun
1. a cushion-like part of the thalamus.
2. (in ancient Rome) the imperial seat in an arena.
adjective
BOTANY
relating to a pulvinus
23
Q
Abet
A
verb
encourage or assist (someone) to do something wrong, in particular to commit a crime.
“he was not guilty of murder but was guilty of aiding and abetting others”
24
Q
Censure
A
verb
express severe disapproval of (someone or something), especially in a formal statement.
“the company was heavily censured by inspectors from the Department of Trade”
noun
the formal expression of severe disapproval.
“two MPs were singled out for censure”
25
Discordant
*adjective*
**1. disagreeing or incongruous.**
"the operative principle of democracy is a balance of discordant qualities"
**2.(of sounds) harsh and jarring because of a lack of harmony.**
"the singers continued their discordant chanting"
26
Bravado
*noun*
**a bold manner or a show of boldness intended to impress or intimidate.**
"he possesses none of the classic wheeler-dealer's casual bravado"
27
Candor/candour
*noun*
**the quality of being open and honest; frankness.**
"a man of refreshing candour"
28
Implore
*verb*
**1. beg someone earnestly or desperately to do something.**
"he implored her to change her mind"
ARCHAIC
**2. beg earnestly for.**
"I implore mercy"
29
Licentious
*adjective*
**1. promiscuous and unprincipled in sexual matters.**
"the ruler's tyrannical and licentious behaviour"
ARCHAIC
**2. disregarding accepted conventions, especially in grammar or literary style.**
30
Androgynous
*adjective*
**1. partly male and partly female in appearance; of indeterminate sex.**
"a stunningly androgynous dancer"
DATED
**2. having the physical characteristics of both sexes.**
31
Dour
*adjective*
**relentlessly severe, stern, or gloomy in manner or appearance.**
"a hard, dour, humourless fanatic"
32
Spindle
*noun*
**1. a slender rounded rod with tapered ends used in hand spinning to twist and wind thread from a mass of wool or flax held on a distaff.**
**2. a rod or pin serving as an axis that revolves or on which something revolves.**
33
Roving
*adjective*
**1. constantly moving from one area or place to another.**
"the fragments of pottery were believed to belong to a community of roving hunter-gatherers"
**2. (of a person in relation to their job) travelling or required to travel to different locations.**
"he trained as a roving reporter"
34
Woeful
*adjective*
**1. characterized by, expressive of, or causing sorrow or misery.**
"her face was woeful"
**2. very bad; deplorable.**
"the remark was enough to establish his woeful ignorance about the theatre"
35
Detest
*verb*
**dislike intensely.**
"she really did detest his mockery"
36
Preen
*verb*
**1. (of a bird) tidy and clean its feathers with its beak.**
"reed buntings preened at the pool's edge"
**2. (of a person) devote effort to making oneself look attractive and then admire one's appearance.**
"adolescents preening in their bedroom mirrors"
**3. congratulate or pride oneself.**
"it did not prevent them from preening themselves on their achievement"
37
Alacrity
*noun*
**brisk and cheerful readiness.**
"she accepted the invitation with alacrity"
38
Deign
*verb*
**1. do something that one considers to be beneath one's dignity.**
"she did not deign to answer the maid's question"
ARCHAIC
**2. condescend to give (something).**
"he had deigned an apology"
39
Impervious
*adjective*
**1. not allowing fluid to pass through.**
"an impervious layer of basaltic clay"
**2. unable to be affected by.**
"he worked, apparently impervious to the heat"
40
Unctuous
*adjective*
**1. excessively flattering or ingratiating; oily.**
"he seemed anxious to please but not in an unctuous way"
**2. (chiefly of minerals) having a greasy or soapy feel.**
41
Retort
*verb*
**1. say something in answer to a remark, typically in a sharp, angry, or witty manner.**
"‘No need to be rude,’ retorted Isabel"
ARCHAIC
**2. repay (an insult or injury).**
"it was now his time to retort the humiliation"
*noun*
**a sharp, angry, or witty reply.**
"she opened her mouth to make a suitably cutting retort"
42
Pestilence
*noun* ARCHAIC
**a fatal epidemic disease, especially bubonic plague.**
"neither prayers nor demonstrations halted the advance of the pestilence"
43
Insolvency
*noun*
**situations where a debtor cannot pay the debts they owe.**
44
Privation
*noun*
**1. a state in which food and other essentials for well-being are lacking.**
"years of rationing and privation"
FORMAL
**2. the loss or absence of a quality or attribute that is normally present.**
"cold is the privation of heat"
45
Traipse
*verb*
**1. walk or move wearily or reluctantly.**
"students had to traipse all over London to attend lectures"
**2. walk about casually or needlessly.**
"there's people traipsing in and out all the time"
46
Wily
*adjective*
**skilled at gaining an advantage, especially deceitfully.**
"his wily opponents"
47
Renege
*verb*
**1. go back on a promise, undertaking, or contract.**
"they have reneged on their promises to us"
**2. another term for revoke.**
ARCHAIC
**3. renounce or abandon.**
"there's one of them, anyhow, that didn't renege him"
48
Rancor
*noun*
**a feeling of hate and continuing anger about something in the past.**
“they cheated me, but I feel no rancor toward/against them”
49
Blanch
*verb*
**1. make white or pale by extracting colour.**
"the cold light blanched her face"
**2. flinch or grow pale from shock, fear, or a similar emotion.**
"he visibly blanched at this reminder of mortality"
50
Droll
*adjective*
**curious or unusual in a way that provokes dry amusement.**
"his unique brand of droll self-mockery"
*noun* ARCHAIC
**a jester or entertainer; a buffoon.**
51
Inimitable
*adjective*
**so good or unusual as to be impossible to copy; unique.**
"they took the charts by storm with their inimitable style"
52
Adamantine
*adjective*
**1. very hard; unbreakable or unyielding**
**2. having the lustre of a diamond**
53
Masticate
*verb*
**chew (food).**
"dentition affects how well food is masticated and absorbed"
54
Cantankerous
*adjective*
**bad-tempered, argumentative, and uncooperative.**
"he can be a cantankerous old fossil at times"
55
Sordid
*adjective*
**1. involving immoral or dishonourable actions and motives; arousing moral distaste and contempt.**
"the story paints a sordid picture of bribes and scams"
**2. dirty or squalid.**
"the overcrowded housing conditions were sordid and degrading"
56
Resplendent
*adjective*
**attractive and impressive through being richly colourful or sumptuous.**
"she was resplendent in a sea-green dress"
57
Gallant
*adjective*
**1. (of a person or their behaviour) brave; heroic.**
"she had made gallant efforts to pull herself together"
**2. (of a man) charmingly attentive and chivalrous to women.**
"a gallant gentleman came over and kissed my hand"
*noun* ARCHAIC
**a man who is charmingly attentive to women.**
"he launches himself into a gallant's career of amorous intrigue"
*verb* ARCHAIC
**(of a man) flirt with (a woman).**
"Mowbray was gallanting the Polish lady"
58
Patrician
*noun*
**an aristocrat or nobleman.**
*adjective*
**belonging to or characteristic of the aristocracy.**
"a proud, patrician face"
59
Purloin
*verb* FORMAL•HUMOROUS
**steal (something).**
"he must have managed to purloin a copy of the key"
60
Outmoded
*adjective*
**old-fashioned.**
"an outmoded Victorian building"
61
Lamentation
*noun*
**1. the passionate expression of grief or sorrow; weeping.**
"scenes of lamentation"
**2. a book of the Bible telling of the desolation of Judah after the fall of Jerusalem in 586 BC.**
singular proper noun: Lamentations; noun: Lamentations; singular proper noun: Lamentations of Jeremiah
62
Profound
*adjective*
**1. (of a state, quality, or emotion) very great or intense.**
"profound feelings of disquiet"
**2. (of a person or statement) having or showing great knowledge or insight.**
"a profound philosopher"
*noun* LITERARY
**the deepest part of something, especially the ocean.**
"nor billowy surge disturbs the vast profound"
63
Cabal
*noun*
**1. a secret political clique or faction.**
"a cabal of dissidents"
ARCHAIC
**2. a secret intrigue.**
64
Strigil
*noun*
**1. an instrument with a curved blade used, especially by ancient Greeks and Romans, to scrape sweat and dirt from the skin in a hot-air bath or after exercise; a scraper.**
ENTOMOLOGY
**2. a comblike structure on the forelegs of some insects, used chiefly for grooming.**
65
Solace
*noun*
**comfort or consolation in a time of distress or sadness.**
"she sought solace in her religion"
*verb*
**give comfort or consolation to.**
"the soundlessness of nature impressed and solaced her"
66
Hetaera
*noun*
*$a courtesan or mistress, especially an educated one in ancient Greece.**
"the scene shows the birth of Aphrodite from the sea, and a hetaera, piping"
67
Prolific
*adjective*
**1. (of a plant, animal, or person) producing much fruit or foliage or many offspring.**
"in captivity tigers are prolific breeders"
**2. present in large numbers or quantities; plentiful.**
"mahogany was once prolific in the tropical forests"
68
Incessant
*adjective*
**(of something regarded as unpleasant) continuing without pause or interruption.**
"the incessant beat of the music"
69
Ruddy
*adjective*
**1. (of a person's face) having a healthy red colour.**
"a cheerful pipe-smoking man of ruddy complexion"
INFORMAL•BRITISH
**2. used as a euphemism for ‘bloody’.**
"young people today, they're a ruddy shower"
*verb*
**make ruddy in colour.**
"a red flash ruddied the belly of a cloud"
70
Mottled
*adjective*
**marked with spots or smears of colour.**
"a bird with mottled brown plumage"
71
Perdition
*noun*
**1. (in Christian theology) a state of eternal punishment and damnation into which a sinful and unrepentant person passes after death.**
**2. complete and utter ruin.**
"she used her last banknote to buy herself a square meal before perdition"
72
Preternatural
*adjective*
**beyond what is normal or natural.**
"autumn had arrived with preternatural speed"
73
Flagellation
*noun*
**flogging or beating, either as a religious discipline or for sexual gratification.**
"pursuing the path of penance and flagellation"
74
Litany
*noun*
**1. a series of petitions for use in church services or processions, usually recited by the clergy and responded to in a recurring formula by the people.**
**2. a tedious recital or repetitive series.**
"a litany of complaints"
75
Moor
*noun* BRITISH
**1. a tract of open uncultivated upland, typically covered with heather.**
"a little town in the moors"
**2. a moor preserved for shooting.**
"a grouse moor"
DIALECT•US
**3. a fen.**
76
Maroon
*verb*
**leave (someone) trapped and alone in an inaccessible place, especially an island.**
"a novel about schoolboys marooned on a desert island"
77
Escarpment
*noun*
**a long, steep slope, especially one at the edge of a plateau or separating areas of land at different heights.**
78
Antecedent
*noun*
**1. a thing that existed before or logically precedes another.**
"some antecedents to the African novel might exist in Africa's oral traditions"
**2. a person's ancestors or family and social background.**
"her early life and antecedents have been traced"
*adjective*
**1. preceding in time or order; previous or pre-existing.**
"antecedent events"
GRAMMAR
**2. denoting or counting as an antecedent.**
79
Primacy
*noun*
**1. the fact of being pre-eminent or most important.**
"London's primacy as a financial centre"
**2. the office, period of office, or authority of a primate of the Church.**
"the first years of his primacy were tranquil"
80
Waifish
*adjective*
**(of a young person) thin and looking unhealthy or uncared for.**
"waifish models strut down the catwalk"
81
Rostrum
*noun*
**1. a raised platform on which a person stands to make a public speech, receive an award or medal, play music, or conduct an orchestra.**
"speaker after speaker stepped up to the rostrum"
ZOOLOGY
**2. a beaklike projection, especially a stiff snout or anterior prolongation of the head in an insect, crustacean, or cetacean.**
"these beetles are very easily recognized by the rostrum or beak"
82
Ardor/ardour
*noun*
**great enthusiasm or passion.**
"the rebuff did little to dampen his ardour"
83
Folly
*noun*
**1. lack of good sense; foolishness.**
"an act of sheer folly"
**2. a costly ornamental building with no practical purpose, especially a tower or mock-Gothic ruin built in a large garden or park.**
84
Malevolent
*adjective*
**having or showing a wish to do evil to others.**
"the glint of dark, malevolent eyes"
85
Vivacious
*adjective*
**attractively lively and animated (typically used of a woman).**
"her vivacious and elegant mother"
86
Bent
*verb*
**past and past participle of bend.**
*adjective*
**1. sharply curved or having an angle.**
"a piece of bent wire"
**2. determined to do or have.**
"a missionary bent on saving souls"
*noun*
**a natural talent or inclination.**
"a man of a religious bent"
87
Spigot
*noun*
**1. a small peg or plug, especially for insertion into the vent of a cask.**
US
**2. a tap.**
88
Portend
*verb*
**be a sign or warning that (something, especially something momentous or calamitous) is likely to happen.**
"the eclipses portend some major events"
89
Vaunted
*adjective*
**praised or boasted about, especially in an excessive way.**
"they have utterly eclipsed their vaunted American rivals"
90
Insolence
*noun*
**rude and disrespectful behaviour.**
"she was sacked for insolence"
91
Aplomb
*noun*
**self-confidence or assurance, especially when in a demanding situation.**
"Diana passed the test with aplomb"
92
Fritter away
*phrasal verb*
**to spend or use up (something) in a slow and usually foolish way.**
“he frittered the afternoon away”
“he frittered away his fortune on gambling”
93
Superfluous
*adjective*
**unnecessary, especially through being more than enough.**
"the purchaser should avoid asking for superfluous information"
94
Bellicosity
*noun*
**a natural disposition to fight**
95
Precipice
*noun*
**a very steep rock face or cliff, especially a tall one.**
"we swerved toward the edge of the precipice"
96
Guffaw
*noun*
**a loud and hearty laugh.**
*verb*
**laugh loudly and heartily.**
"both men guffawed at the remark"
97
Revelry
*noun*
**lively and noisy festivities, especially when these involve drinking a large amount of alcohol.**
"sounds of revelry issued into the night"
98
Requiem
*noun*
**1. (especially in the Roman Catholic Church) a Mass for the repose of the souls of the dead.**
"a requiem was held for the dead queen"
**2. a musical composition setting parts of a requiem Mass, or of a similar character.**
"Fauré's Requiem"
**3. an act or token of remembrance.**
"he designed the epic as a requiem for his wife"
99
Cordial
*adjective*
**1. warm and friendly.**
"the atmosphere was cordial and relaxed"
**2. strongly felt.**
"I earned his cordial loathing"
*noun*
BRITISH
**1. a sweet fruit-flavoured drink.**
"wine cups and fruit cordials"
**2. a pleasant-tasting medicine.**
100
Nascent
*adjective*
**1. (especially of a process or organization) just coming into existence and beginning to display signs of future potential.**
"the nascent space industry"
CHEMISTRY
**2. (chiefly of hydrogen) freshly generated in a reactive form.**
101
Scurrilous
*adjective*
**1. making or spreading scandalous claims about someone with the intention of damaging their reputation.**
"a scurrilous attack on his integrity"
**2. humorously insulting.**
"a very funny collection of bawdy and scurrilous writings"
102
Infirmity
*noun*
**physical or mental weakness.**
"old age and infirmity come to men and women alike"
103
Schism
*noun*
**1. a split or division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief.**
"the widening schism between Church leaders and politicians"
**2. the formal separation of a Church into two Churches or the secession of a group owing to doctrinal and other differences.**
104
Arid
*adjective*
**1. (of land or a climate) having little or no rain; too dry or barren to support vegetation.**
"the arid plains north of Cape Town"
**2. lacking in interest, excitement, or meaning.**
"his arid years in suburbia"
105
Timorous
*adjective*
**showing or suffering from nervousness or a lack of confidence.**
"a timorous voice"
106
Squander
*verb*
**1. waste (something, especially money or time) in a reckless and foolish manner.**
"£100m of taxpayers' money has been squandered on administering the tax"
**2. allow (an opportunity) to pass or be lost.**
"the team squandered several good scoring chances"
107
Reconnoitre/reconnoiter
*verb*
**make a military observation of (a region).**
"they reconnoitred the beach some weeks before the landing"
*noun*
**an act of reconnoitring.**
"a nocturnal reconnoitre of the camp"
108
Intransigence
*noun*
**refusal to change one's views or to agree about something.**
"opponents accused him of intransigence"
109
Rebuke
*verb*
**express sharp disapproval or criticism of (someone) because of their behaviour or actions.**
"she had rebuked him for drinking too much"
*noun*
**an expression of sharp disapproval or criticism.**
"he hadn't meant it as a rebuke, but Neil flinched"
110
Shirk
*verb*
**avoid or neglect (a duty or responsibility).**
"I do not shirk any responsibility in this matter"
*noun* ARCHAIC
**a person who shirks.**
111
Heady
*adjective*
**1. (of alcoholic drink) potent; intoxicating.**
"several bottles of heady local wine"
**2. having a strong or exhilarating effect.**
"a heady, exotic perfume"
112
Levy
*verb*
**1. impose (a tax, fee, or fine).**
"a tax of two per cent was levied on all cargoes"
ARCHAIC
**2. enlist (someone) for military service.**
"he sought to levy one man from each vill for service"
$noun*
**1. an act of levying a tax, fee, or fine.**
"police forces receive 49 per cent of their funding via a levy on the rates"
HISTORICAL
**2. an act of enlisting troops.**
"Edward I and Edward II had made substantial use of the feudal levy for raising an army"
113
Modicum
*noun*
**a small quantity of a particular thing, especially something desirable or valuable.**
"his statement had a modicum of truth"
114
Fraught
*adjective*
**1. (of a situation or course of action) filled with or likely to result in (something undesirable).**
"marketing any new product is fraught with danger"
**2. causing or affected by anxiety or stress.**
"there was a fraught silence"
115
Stipulate
*verb*
**demand or specify (a requirement), typically as part of an agreement.**
"he stipulated certain conditions before their marriage"
116
Rive
*verb*
LITERARY
**1. split or tear apart violently.**
"the party was riven by disagreements over Europe"
ARCHAIC
**2. split or crack (wood or stone).**
"the wood was riven with deep cracks"
ARCHAIC
**3. (of wood or stone) split or crack.**
"I started to chop furiously, the dry wood riving and splintering under the axe"
117
Esconse
*verb*
**establish or settle (someone) in a comfortable, safe place.**
"Agnes ensconced herself in their bedroom"
118
Onerous
*adjective*
**1. (of a task or responsibility) involving a great deal of effort, trouble, or difficulty.**
"he found his duties increasingly onerous"
LAW
**2. involving heavy obligations.**
"an onerous lease"
119
Wroth
*adjective*
**1. angry; wrathful (usually used predicatively).**
“he was wroth to see the damage to his home”
**2. stormy; violent; turbulent.**
“the wroth sea”
120
Exhort
*verb*
**strongly encourage or urge (someone) to do something.**
"I exhorted her to be a good child"
121
Dubious
*adjective*
**1. hesitating or doubting.**
"I was rather dubious about the whole idea"
**2. not to be relied upon; suspect.**
"extremely dubious assumptions"
122
Oscillate
*verb*
**1. move or swing back and forth in a regular rhythm.**
"the grain pan near the front of the combine oscillates back and forth"
PHYSICS
**2. vary in magnitude or position in a regular manner about a central point.**
123
Deluge
*noun*
**a severe flood.**
"this may be the worst deluge in living memory"
*verb*
**overwhelm with a flood.**
"caravans were deluged by the heavy rains"
124
Evocation
*noun*
**1. the act of bringing or recalling a feeling, memory, or image to the conscious mind.**
"the vivid evocation of stillness in the title poem"
**2. the action of invoking a spirit or deity.**
"the evocation of wandering spirits"
125
Interdiction
*noun* NORTH AMERICAN
**1. the action of prohibiting or forbidding something.**
"the interdiction of the slave trade"
**2. the action of intercepting and preventing the movement of a prohibited commodity or person.**
"the interdiction of arms shipments"
126
Voluble
*adjective*
**1. (of a person) talking fluently, readily, or incessantly.**
"a voluble game-show host"
**2. (of speech) characterized by fluency and readiness of utterance.**
"an excited and voluble discussion"
127
Pail
*noun*
**1. a usually cylindrical container with a handle; bucket.**
“a milk pail”
**2. the quantity that a pail contains
a pail of water.**
128
Stalwart
*adjective*
**loyal, reliable, and hard-working.**
"he remained a stalwart supporter of the cause"
*noun*
**a loyal, reliable, and hard-working supporter of or participant in an organization or team.**
"the stalwarts of the Labour Party"
129
Aspersion
*noun*
**an attack on the reputation or integrity of someone or something.**
"I don't think anyone is casting aspersions on you"
130
Conflagration
*noun*
**an extensive fire which destroys a great deal of land or property.**
"tinder-dry conditions sparked fears of a conflagration in many drought-devastated communities"
131
Demur
*verb*
**raise objections or show reluctance.**
"normally she would have accepted the challenge, but she demurred"
*noun*
**the action of objecting to or hesitating over something.**
"they accepted this ruling without demur"
132
Incandescent
*adjective*
**1. emitting light as a result of being heated.**
"plumes of incandescent liquid rock"
**2. full of strong emotion; passionate.**
"she felt an incandescent love for life"
133
Rapt
*adjective*
**1. completely fascinated or absorbed by what one is seeing or hearing.**
"a rapt teenage audience"
ARCHAIC
**2. having been carried away bodily or transported to heaven.**
"he was rapt on high"
134
Gauche
*adjective*
**lacking social grace, sensitivity, or acuteness; awkward; crude; tactless.**
“their exquisite manners always make me feel gauche”
135
Subjugation
*noun*
**the action of bringing someone or something under domination or control.**
"the colonial subjugation of a country by means of brute military force"
136
Remonstration
*noun*
**the act of expressing earnest opposition or protest.**
137
Conciliation
*noun*
**1. the action of stopping someone being angry; placation.**
"he held his hands up in a gesture of conciliation"
**2. the action of mediating between two disputing people or groups.**
"many disputes are settled through conciliation by the official body"
138
Prevaricate
*verb*
**speak or act in an evasive way.**
"he seemed to prevaricate when journalists asked pointed questions"
139
Bay
*verb*
**1. (of a dog, especially a large one) bark or howl loudly.**
"the dogs bayed"
**2. (of a group of people) shout loudly, typically to demand something.**
"the crowd bayed for an encore"
ARCHAIC
**3. bay at.**
"a pack of wolves baying the moon"
140
Brinkmanship
*noun*
**the art or practice of pursuing a dangerous policy to the limits of safety before stopping, especially in politics.**
"in any game of brinkmanship, it is possible that one side will collapse suddenly"
141
Obstinacy
*noun*
**the quality or condition of being obstinate; stubbornness.**
"his reputation for obstinacy"
142
Jocular
*adjective*
**fond of or characterized by joking; humorous or playful.**
"she sounded in a jocular mood"
143
Bawdy
*adjective*
**dealing with sexual matters in a comical way; humorously indecent.**
"her work is characterized by irreverence and bawdy humour"
*noun*
**humorously indecent talk or writing.**
144
Ire
*noun*
**anger.**
“so if you routinely steal your neighbor's newspaper, don't be surprised to be on the receiving end of his ire.”
145
Deputation
*noun*
**a group of people appointed to undertake a mission or take part in a formal process on behalf of a larger group.**
"he had been a member of a deputation to Napoleon III"
146
Haughty
*adjective*
**blatantly and disdainfully proud; having or showing an attitude of superiority and contempt for people or things perceived to be inferior.**
“haughty aristocrats”
147
Extol
*verb*
**praise enthusiastically.**
"he extolled the virtues of the Russian peoples"
148
Loquacious
*adjective*
**tending to talk a great deal; talkative.**
"never loquacious, Sarah was now totally lost for words"
149
Awning
*noun*
**a sheet of canvas or other material stretched on a frame and used to keep the sun or rain off a shop window, doorway, or ship's deck.**
150
Flit
*verb*
**move swiftly and lightly.**
"small birds flitted about in the branches"
*noun* INFORMAL•BRITISH
**an act of moving house or leaving one's home, typically secretly so as to escape creditors or obligations.**
"moonlight flits from one insalubrious dwelling to another"
151
Artifice
*noun*
**clever or cunning devices or expedients, especially as used to trick or deceive others.**
"an industry dominated by artifice"
152
Duplicity
*noun*
**1. deceitfulness.**
"he was accused of duplicity and branded a traitor"
ARCHAIC
**2. the state of being double.**
153
Irascibility
*noun*
**the quality of being made angry easily.**
“he has a reputation for irascibility.”
154
Dissent
*noun*
**the holding or expression of opinions at variance with those commonly or officially held.**
"there was no dissent from this view"
*verb*
**hold or express opinions that are at variance with those commonly or officially held.**
"two members dissented from the majority"
155
Broach
*verb*
**1. raise (a difficult subject) for discussion.**
"he broached the subject he had been avoiding all evening"
**2. pierce (a cask) to draw out liquid.**
"he watched a pot boy broach a new cask"
156
Pugnacious
*adjective*
**eager or quick to argue, quarrel, or fight.**
"his public statements became increasingly pugnacious"
157
Bluster
*verb*
**1. talk in a loud, aggressive, or indignant way with little effect.**
"you threaten and bluster, but won't carry it through"
**2. (of a storm, wind, or rain) blow or beat fiercely and noisily.**
"a winter gale blustered against the sides of the house"
*noun*
**loud, aggressive, or indignant talk with little effect.**
"their threats contained a measure of bluster"
158
Precocious
*adjective*
**1. (of a child) having developed certain abilities or inclinations at an earlier age than is usual or expected.**
"a precocious, solitary boy"
**2. (of behaviour or ability) having developed at an earlier age than is usual or expected.**
"a precocious talent for computing"
**3. (of a plant) flowering or fruiting earlier than usual.**
159
Insurmountable
*adjective*
**too great to be overcome.**
"an insurmountable problem"
160
Prune
*noun*
**to cut away what is unwanted or superfluous**
161
Nymphet
*noun*
**1. a sexually precocious girl barely in her teens.**
**2. a sexually attractive young woman.**
162
Rangy
*adjective*
**1. (of a person) tall and slim with long, slender limbs.**
"a pale, rangy boy in his late teens"
NORTH AMERICAN
**2. (of a place) having room for ranging; expansive or spacious.**
"rangy pasture filled with horses and cattle"
163
Recuperate
*verb*
**1. recover from illness or exertion.**
"she has been recuperating from a knee injury"
**2. recover or regain (something lost or taken).**
"they will seek to recuperate the returns that go with investment"
164
Perturbed
*adjective*
**troubled in mind; feeling or showing agitation; BOTHERED, UPSET.**
“never in his life had he been so perturbed, so horribly anxious”
165
Venal
*adjective*
**showing or motivated by susceptibility to bribery; corrupt.**
"local customs officers are notoriously venal"
166
Curtail
*verb*
**1. reduce in extent or quantity; impose a restriction on.**
"civil liberties were further curtailed"
ARCHAIC
**2. deprive someone of (something).**
"I that am curtailed of this fair proportion"
167
Genteel
*adjective*
**characterized by exaggerated or affected politeness, refinement, or respectability.**
"her genteel upbringing"
168
Assimilation
*noun*
**1. the process of taking in and fully understanding information or ideas.**
"the assimilation of the knowledge of the Greeks"
**2. the absorption and digestion of food or nutrients by the body or any biological system.**
"nitrate assimilation usually takes place in leaves"
169
Dissuade
*verb*
**persuade (someone) not to take a particular course of action.**
"his friends tried to dissuade him from flying"
170
Deft
*adjective*
**1. neatly skilful and quick in one's movements.**
"a deft piece of footwork"
**2. demonstrating skill and cleverness.**
"the script was both deft and literate"
171
Tutelage
*noun*
**1. protection of or authority over someone or something; guardianship.**
**2. instruction; tuition.**
"he felt privileged to be under the tutelage of an experienced actor"
172
Deference
*noun*
**polite submission and respect.**
"he addressed her with the deference due to age"
173
Congested
*adjective*
**1. (of a road or place) so crowded with traffic or people as to hinder or prevent freedom of movement.**
"the congested streets of the West End"
**2. (of a part of the body) abnormally full of blood.**
"congested arteries"
**3. (of the respiratory tract) blocked with mucus so as to hinder breathing.**
"his nose was congested"
174
Abattoir
*adjective*
**a place where animals are butchered; slaughterhouse.**
175
Conviction
*noun*
**1. a formal declaration by the verdict of a jury or the decision of a judge in a court of law that someone is guilty of a criminal offence.**
"she had a previous conviction for a similar offence"
**2. a firmly held belief or opinion.**
"she takes pride in stating her political convictions"
176
Resuscitate
*verb*
**1. revive (someone) from unconsciousness or apparent death.**
"an ambulance crew tried to resuscitate him"
**2. make (something) active or vigorous again.**
"measures to resuscitate the ailing economy"
177
Paramour
*noun*
**a partner in a sexual relationship other than that of husband and wife.**
178
Sedition
*noun*
**conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state or monarch.**
179
Excise
*noun*
**a tax levied on certain goods and commodities produced or sold within a country and on licences granted for certain activities.**
"the rate of excise duty on spirits"
*verb*
**1. charge excise on (goods).**
**2. cut out surgically.**
"the precision with which surgeons can excise brain tumours"
**3. remove (a section) from a text or piece of music.**
"the clauses were excised from the treaty"
180
Disaffected
*adjective*
**dissatisfied, especially with people in authority or a system of control.**
"a military plot by disaffected elements in the army"
181
Veracity
*noun*
**1. conformity to facts; accuracy.**
"officials expressed doubts concerning the veracity of the story"
**2. habitual truthfulness.**
"voters should be concerned about his veracity and character"
182
Abdicate
*verb*
**1. (of a monarch) renounce one's throne.**
"in 1918 Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated as German emperor"
**2. fail to fulfil or undertake (a responsibility or duty).**
"she charged the board with abdicating its responsibilities"
183
Palpable
*adjective*
**1. (of a feeling or atmosphere) so intense as to seem almost tangible.**
"a palpable sense of loss"
**2. able to be touched or felt.**
"the palpable bump at the bridge of the nose"
184
Inexplicable
*adjective*
**unable to be explained or accounted for.**
"for some inexplicable reason her mind went completely blank"
185
Frisk
*verb*
**1. (of a police officer or other official) pass the hands over (someone) in a search for hidden weapons, drugs, or other items.**
"he raised his arms to permit the officer to frisk him"
**2. skip or leap playfully; frolic.**
"spaniels frisked around me"
*noun*
**1. an act of frisking someone.**
"a frisk search"
**2. a playful skip or leap.**
186
Caltrop
*noun*
**1. a spiked metal device thrown on the ground to impede wheeled vehicles or (formerly) cavalry horses.**
"militant demonstrators threw a box of caltrops across the highway"
**2. a creeping plant with woody carpels that typically have hard spines and resemble military caltrops.**
187
Metatarsal
*noun*
**1. any of the bones of the foot.**
**2. any of the bones in an animal's hindlimb equivalent to the metatarsals.**
188
Cadence
*noun*
**1. a modulation or inflection of the voice.**
"his measured cadences never convey the character's underlying passion"
**2. a sequence of notes or chords comprising the close of a musical phrase.**
"the final cadences of the Prelude"
189
Consummate
*verb*
**make (a marriage or relationship) complete by having sexual intercourse.**
"they did not consummate their marriage until months after it took place"
*adjective*
**showing great skill and flair.**
"she dressed with consummate elegance"
190
Scion
*noun*
**1. a young shoot or twig of a plant, especially one cut for grafting or rooting.**
**2. a descendant of a notable family.**
"he was the scion of a wealthy family"
191
Qualm
*noun*
**1. an uneasy feeling of doubt, worry, or fear, especially about one's own conduct; a misgiving.**
"military regimes generally have no qualms about controlling the press"
ARCHAIC
**2. a momentary faint or sick feeling.**
192
Legume
*noun*
**1. a leguminous plant (member of the pea family), especially one grown as a crop.**
"he sows a mixture of grasses and legumes"
**2. a seed, pod, or other edible part of a leguminous plant, used as food.**
"the new diet is high in fruit, vegetables, and legumes"
BOTANY
**3. the long seed pod of a leguminous plant.**
193
Renown
*noun*
**the condition of being known or talked about by many people; fame.**
"authors of great renown"
194
Dispensation
*noun*
$*1. exemption from a rule or usual requirement.$$
"although she was too young, she was given special dispensation to play before her birthday"
**2. a political, religious, or social system prevailing at a particular time.**
"scholarship is conveyed to a wider audience than under the old dispensation"
195
Tactiturn
*adjective*
**(of a person) reserved or uncommunicative in speech; saying little.**
"after such gatherings she would be taciturn and morose"
196
Perfidious
*adjective* LITERARY
**deceitful and untrustworthy.**
"a perfidious lover"
197
Appraise
*verb*
**1. assess the value or quality of.**
"there is a need to appraise existing techniques"
**2. assess the performance of (an employee) formally.**
"some companies are considering team appraisals instead of appraising individuals"
**3. (of an official valuer) set a price on; value.**
"they appraised the painting at £200,000"
198
Apprise
*verb*
**inform or tell (someone).**
"I thought it right to apprise Chris of what had happened
199
Affectation
*noun*
**1. behaviour, speech, or writing that is pretentious and designed to impress.**
"the affectation of a man who measures every word for effect"
**2. a studied display of real or pretended feeling.**
"an affectation of calm"
200
Contemporary
*noun*
**1. a person or thing living or existing at the same time as another.**
"he was a contemporary of Darwin"
**2. a person of roughly the same age as another.**
"my contemporaries at school"
201
Affliction
*noun*
**1. a cause of pain or harm.**
"a crippling affliction of the nervous system"
**2. the state of being in pain.**
"poor people in great affliction"
ASTROLOGY
**3. an instance of one celestial body afflicting another.**
202
Edict
*noun*
**an official order or proclamation issued by a person in authority.**
"Clovis issued an edict protecting Church property"
203
Interloper
*noun*
**a person who becomes involved in a place or situation where they are not wanted or are considered not to belong.**
"Japanese consumers have in the past been unreceptive to foreign interlopers in the cell phone market"
204
Restitution
*noun*
**1. the restoration of something lost or stolen to its proper owner.**
"the ANC had demanded the restitution of land seized from black people"
**2. recompense for injury or loss.**
"he was ordered to pay £6,000 in restitution"
205
Bereft
*adjective*
**1. deprived of or lacking (something).**
"her room was stark and bereft of colour"
**2. (of a person) sad and lonely, especially through someone's death or departure.**
"his death in 1990 left her bereft"
206
Concession
*noun*
**1. a thing that is granted, especially in response to demands.**
"the government was unwilling to make any further concessions"
**2. a preferential allowance or rate given by an organization.**
"tax concessions"
207
Deplorable
*adjective*
**1. deserving strong condemnation; completely unacceptable.**
"children living in deplorable conditions"
**2. shockingly bad in quality.**
"her spelling was deplorable"
208
Terminus
*noun*
BRITISH
**1. the end of a railway or other transport route, or a station at such a point; a terminal.**
**2. a final point in space or time; an end or extremity.**
"the exhibition's terminus is 1962"
209
Peal
*noun*
**1. a loud ringing of a bell or bells.**
"the bell rang again, a long, loud peal"
**2. a loud repeated or reverberating sound of thunder or laughter.**
"Ross burst into peals of laughter"
*verb*
**(of a bell or bells) ring loudly or in a peal.**
"all the bells of the city began to peal"
210
Fusillade
*noun*
**a series of shots fired or missiles thrown all at the same time or in quick succession.**
"marchers had to dodge a fusillade of missiles"
*verb* ARCHAIC
**fire a fusillade at (a place or person).**
"the Mahdi's adherents fusilladed his palace at Khartoum"
211
Denude
*verb*
**strip (something) of its covering, possessions, or assets.**
"almost overnight the Arctic was denuded of animals"
212
Judicious
*adjective*
**having, showing, or done with good judgement or sense.**
"the judicious use of public investment"
213
Paltry
*adjective*
**1. (of an amount) very small or meagre.**
"she would earn a paltry £33 more a month"
**2. petty; trivial.**
"naval glory struck him as paltry"
214
Panoply
*noun*
**1. an extensive or impressive collection.**
"a deliciously inventive panoply of insults"
**2. a splendid display.**
"I leaned forward to take in the full panoply of tourist London"
HISTORICAL•LITERARY
**3. a complete suit of armour.**
215
Hirsute
*adjective* LITERARY•HUMOROUS
**hairy.**
"their hirsute chests"
216
Propitious
*adjective*
**1. giving or indicating a good chance of success; favourable.**
"the timing for such a meeting seemed propitious"
ARCHAIC
**2. favourably disposed towards someone.**
"there were points on which they did not agree, moments in which she did not seem propitious"
217
Effluence
*noun*
**1. something that flows out.**
**2. an action or process of flowing out.**
218
Offal
*noun*
**1. the entrails and internal organs of an animal used as food.**
"eating pieces of braised offal turned his stomach"
**2. waste material.**
"the packing plant dumped its offal into the stream"
**3. decomposing animal flesh.**
"gulls pecking at piles of offal from the narwhal hunt"
219
Anoint
*verb*
**1. smear or rub with oil, typically as part of a religious ceremony.**
"high priests were anointed with oil"
**2. smear or rub something with (any other substance).**
"Kuna Indians anoint the tips of their arrows with poison"
**3. ceremonially confer divine or holy office upon (a priest or monarch) by smearing or rubbing with oil.**
"Samuel anointed him king"
**4. nominate or choose (someone) as successor to or leading candidate for a position.**
"he was anointed as the organizational candidate of the party"
220
Proffer
*verb*
**hold out or put forward (something) to someone for acceptance.**
"she proffered a glass of wine"
*noun* LITERARY
**an offer or proposal.$*
221
Emanate
*verb*
**1. (of a feeling, quality, or sensation) issue or spread out from (a source).**
"warmth emanated from the fireplace"
**2. originate from; be produced by.**
"the proposals emanated from a committee"
**3. give out or emit (a feeling, quality, or sensation).**
"he emanated a powerful brooding air"
222
Acropolis
*noun*
**1. a citadel or fortified part of an ancient Greek city, typically one built on a hill.**
"guests can climb Mount Kliosi's dramatic summit, where the remains of the ancient acropolis defy time"
**2. the ancient citadel at Athens, containing the Parthenon and other notable buildings, mostly dating from the 5th century BC.**
"the Parthenon, enthroned on the Acropolis, is one of the most dazzling buildings of antiquity"
223
Conscientious
*adjective*
**1. wishing to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly.**
"a conscientious man, he took his duties very seriously"
**2. relating to a person's conscience.**
"the individual is denied even the opportunity to break the law on conscientious grounds"
224
Roil
*verb* LITERARY
***1. make (a liquid) turbid or muddy by disturbing the sediment.**
"winds roil these waters"
US
**2. make (someone) annoyed or irritated.**
225
Agora
*noun*
**(in ancient Greece) a public open space used for assemblies and markets.**
226
Impunity
*noun*
**exemption from punishment or freedom from the injurious consequences of an action.**
"the impunity enjoyed by military officers implicated in civilian killings"
227
Recant
*verb*
**say that one no longer holds an opinion or belief, especially one considered heretical.**
"heretics were burned if they would not recant"
228
Inanity
*noun*
**1. a nonsensical remark or action.**
"they utter whatever inanities will get them elected"
**2. lack of sense or meaning; silliness.**
"he commented on the breathtaking inanity of the board's decision"
229
Certitude
*noun*
**1. absolute certainty or conviction that something is the case.**
"the question may never be answered with certitude"
**2. something that someone firmly believes is true.**
"the collapse of the old political certitudes in eastern Europe"
230
Variegated
*adjective*
**1. exhibiting different colours, especially as irregular patches or streaks.**
"variegated yellow bricks"
BOTANY
**2. (of a plant or foliage) having or consisting of leaves that are edged or patterned in a second colour, especially white as well as green.**
"the variegated form of philadelphus"
**3. marked by variety.**
"his variegated and amusing observations"
231
Triumvirate
*noun*
**1. (in ancient Rome) a group of three men holding power, in particular ( the First Triumvirate ) the unofficial coalition of Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus in 60 BC and ( the Second Triumvirate ) a coalition formed by Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian in 43 BC.**
**2. the office of triumvir in ancient Rome.**
232
Atavistic
*adjective*
**relating to or characterized by reversion to something ancient or ancestral.**
"atavistic fears and instincts"
233
Callow
*adjective*
**(of a young person) inexperienced and immature.**
"earnest and callow undergraduates"
234
Hapless
*adjective*
**(especially of a person) unfortunate.**
"the hapless victims of the disaster"
235
Caryatid
*noun* ARCHITECTURE
**a stone carving of a draped female figure, used as a pillar to support the entablature of a Greek or Greek-style building.**
236
Clairvoyance
*noun*
**the supposed faculty of perceiving things or events in the future or beyond normal sensory contact.**
"she stared at the card as if she could contact its writer by clairvoyance"
237
Vestibule
*noun*
**1. an antechamber, hall, or lobby next to the outer door of a building.**
ANATOMY
**2. a chamber or channel opening into another.**
238
Litmus test
*noun*
CHEMISTRY
**1. a test for acidity or alkalinity using litmus.**
**2. a decisively indicative test.**
"effectiveness in these areas is often a good litmus test of overall quality"
239
Redoubt
*noun* MILITARY
**a temporary or supplementary fortification, typically square or polygonal and without flanking defences.**
"the British stormed the rebel redoubt"
240
Maudlin
*adjective*
**1. self-pityingly or tearfully sentimental.**
"a bout of maudlin self-pity"
**2. (of a book, film, or song) highly sentimental.**
"a maudlin jukebox tune"
241
Frigid
*adjective*
**1. very cold in temperature.**
"the air was frigid, and spectators shivered against the cold"
**2. unfriendly or very formal.**
“she turned her frigid gaze on him”
242
Briar
*noun*
**any of a number of prickly scrambling shrubs, especially a wild rose.**
