Red Wine Varietals and Regions Flashcards
(116 cards)
1
Q
Where is the Côte d’Or?
A
Bourgogne
2
Q
What two subregions make up the Côte d’Or?
A
Côte de Nuits (North), Côte de Beaune (South)
3
Q
What villages are located in the Côte de Nuits?
A
Gevrey-Chambertin, Nuits Saint-Georges
4
Q
What villages are located in the Côte de Beaune?
A
Beaune, Pommard
5
Q
Describe the climate of the Bourgogne region
A
Cool in the north, moderate in the south
6
Q
Where are Bourgogne’s Premier and Grand Cru vineyards most often located?
A
Slopes with south- or south-east facing aspects
7
Q
What parts of California are known for producing Pinot Noir?
A
Carneros, Sonoma, Santa Barbera County
8
Q
What moderates the climate of California’s Carneros region?
A
Morning fog from the San Pablo Bay
9
Q
What moderates the climate in California’s Sonoma and Santa Barbera County regions?
A
Pacific sea breezes
10
Q
Why is Oregon well-suited for growing Pinot Noir?
A
Northerly latitude and proximity to Pacific ocean
11
Q
Which region in Chile is known for producing Pinot Noir?
A
Casablanca Valley
12
Q
Where is Casablanca Valley located? What moderates the climate there?
A
Chile; gets sea breeze and morning fog from the Pacific ocean
13
Q
Which region in South Africa is known for Pinot Noir?
A
Walker Bay
14
Q
Where is Walker Bay located? What moderates the climate there?
A
South Africa; gets strong sea breezes
15
Q
Which regions in Australia are known for Pinot Noir?
A
Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula
16
Q
Where is Yarra Valley located? What moderates the climate there?
A
Australia; gets ocean breezes
17
Q
Where is Mornington Peninsula located? What moderates the climate there?
A
Australia; gets ocean breezes
18
Q
Which regions in New Zealand are known for Pinot Noir?
A
Martinborough, Marlborough, Central Otago
19
Q
Where are Marlborough and Martinborough located?
A
New Zealand
20
Q
Where is Central Otago located? What moderates the climate there?
A
New Zealand; protected from cold sea breezes by a ring of mountains
21
Q
Where do the best Pinot Noirs from New Zealand come from?
A
Central Otago
22
Q
What is the premier black grape varietal in New Zealand?
A
Pinot Noir
23
Q
What kind of climate do Pinot Noir grapes prefer?
A
Cool to moderate
24
Q
What kind of climate do Zinfandel grapes prefer?
A
Warm
25
What Rosé production method is usually used for White Zinfandel?
Short maceration
26
What is unusual about Zinfandel grapes? Why is this significant?
They ripen unevenly; this leads to some being far riper than others and imparting high sugar levels and flavors of dried prune and raisin
27
What is Zinfandel known as in Italy?
Primitivo
28
What region in Italy is most famous for Primitivo?
Puglia
29
What are Primitivo wines from Puglia like?
Soft, fruity, dry, and high-volume
30
What type of climate do Merlot grapes prefer?
Moderate to warm
31
What does Merlot usually add to wines it is blended with?
Red fruit flavors and softness (tannin reduction)
32
Where did Pinot Noir originate?
Bourgogne
33
Where did Merlot originate?
Bordeaux
34
Describe the climate of Bordeaux
Moderate with high levels of rainfall
35
Which notable AOCs are found in Bordeaux's left bank?
Médoc, Haut-Médoc, Margaux, Pauillac, Graves, Pessac-Léognan
36
Which part of Bordeaux produces Merlot-dominant blends?
Right bank
37
Which part of Bordeaux produces Cab Sauv-dominant blends?
Left bank
38
Which notable AOCs are found in Bordeaux's right bank?
Pomerol, Saint-Émilion
39
If you are drinking wine from Bordeaux AOC or Bordeaux Supérieur AOC what type of wine is it most likely?
Merlot-dominant blend
40
What varietals is Merlot commonly blended with in the South of France?
Cab Sauv, Grenache, Syrah
41
What regions in California are known for Merlot production?
Sonoma, Napa Valley
42
What part of Chile is known for Merlot production?
Central Valley
43
Where is Central Valley (not the California one)?
Chile
44
What part of South Africa is known for Merlot production?
Stellenbosch
45
What part of Australia is known for Merlot? What grape is it often blended with here?
Margaret River; Cab Sauv
46
What part of New Zealand is known for Merlot?
Hawke's Bay
47
Where is Hawke's Bay? What moderates the climate there?
New Zealand; gets lots of rainfall
48
What type of climate does Cab Sauv prefer?
Moderate to warm but needs warm to ripen fully
49
Why is Bordeaux's left bank particularly well suited for growing Cab Sauv?
Soil contains lots of large rocks that store and radiate heat and also allow for good drainage
50
What parts of California are known for producing Cab Sauv?
Napa Valley, Sonoma, Calistoga, Oakville, Rutherford
51
Which part of California is known for producing the ripest Cab Sauv? Why is this?
Calistoga; it is very warm there
52
What parts of Chile are known for Cab Sauv?
Maipo Valley, Colchagua Valley, Central Valley
53
What is Chile's most widely planted grape?
Cab Sauv
54
What grape varietal is considered to be Chile's local specialty?
Carmenère
55
What varietals are often blended with Cab Sauv in Chile?
Merlot, Carmenère
56
What part of South Africa is known for Cab Sauv?
Stellenbosch
57
Which grape is South Africa's local specialty?
Pinotage
58
What varietals are found in South Africa's Cape Blend?
Cab Sauv, Merlot, Pinotage
59
What parts of Australia are known for Cab Sauv?
Margaret River, Coonawarra
60
Where is Margaret River located? What moderates the climate there?
Australia; gets coastal breezes and plentiful rainfall
61
Where is Coonawarra located? What moderates the climate there?
Australia; gets cloud cover and cooling breezes
62
What part of New Zealand is known for Cab Sauv?
Hawke's Bay
63
What type of climate does Syrah/Shiraz prefer?
Syrah likes moderate, Shiraz likes warm
64
Which varietals are permitted in Northern Rhône AOC wines?
Only Syrah
65
Which factors moderate Norther Rhône's climate and allow for Syrah to be grown successfully?
River proximity, steep slopes with favorable aspect
66
Which AOCs are located within Northern Rhône?
Côte Rôtie, Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage
67
Between Hermitage AOC and Crozes-Hermitage AOC, which produces higher quality wines? Why?
Hermitage; entire AOC lies on a steep south-facing hill
68
Which AOC in the South of France is known for Syrah and Syrah blends?
Minervois
69
Which IGP in the South of France is known for Syrah and Syrah blends?
Pays d'Oc
70
Where is Minervois AOC? What is it known for?
South of France; Syrah
71
Where is Pays d'Oc IGP? What is it known for?
South of France; Syrah
72
What parts of Australia are known for Shiraz?
Barossa Valley, Hunter Valley
73
Where is Barossa Valley? What varietal is it known for and why is it special?
Australia; known for Shiraz that comes from some of the oldest vines in the world
74
Where is Hunter Valley? What moderate the climate there?
Australia; gets cloud cover and sea breezes
75
What varietal is famously grown in Beaujolais?
Gamay
76
What kind of climate does Beaujolais have?
Moderate
77
What winemaking technique is often used with Gamay to maximize color extraction and minimize tannin extraction? What flavors does the technique impart?
Carbonic maceration; imparts candy, bubblegum, and banana notes
78
Where is the Fleurie AOC found?
Beaujolais
79
Name one of Beaujolais' most famous Grand Crus:
Fleurie AOC
80
What makes Beaujolais Villages AOC wines more complex and concentrated than those of Beaujolais AOC?
Soil is stonier and less fertile leading to smaller yields
81
What type of climate does Grenache/Garnacha prefer?
Warm
82
In Spanish wines, which varietals are often blended with Garnacha? Why?
Syrah and Tempranillo to add acidity and tannin
83
Which part of France is most famous for Grenache-based wines?
Southern Rhône
84
Which AOC in Southern Rhône is known for producing the highest quality Grenache-based wines?
Châteauneuf-du-Pape
85
Where is Châteauneuf-du-Pape located and what varietal is it famous for?
Southern Rhône; Grenache
86
What makes Châteauneuf-du-Pape ideal for Grenache cultivation?
Vineyards are covered in large round stones which store and radiate heat
87
Which part of the South of France is famous for Grenache?
Minervois AOC
88
What does Grenache/Garnacha contribute to blends it shows up in?
Body via alcohol content and red fruit flavors
89
Which regions in Spain are famous for Garnacha wines?
Rioja DOCa, Navarra DO, Priorat DOCa
90
Of the Spanish Garnacha producing regions, which is known for producing the most powerful wines? Why?
Priorat DOCa; home to very old vines
91
What parts of Australia are known for Grenache?
Barossa Valley, McLaren Vale
92
Which parts of Spain are famous for Tempranillo?
Catalunya DO, Rioja DOCa, Ribera del Duero DO
93
What moderates the climate in Ribera del Duero?
Mountains
94
Which part of Spain is known for producing the highest quality Tempranillo wines?
Rioja DOCa
95
Which indicates a younger wine - Joven or Crianza?
Joven
96
How do Crianza wines differ from Joven wines?
Joven does not imply any aging requirements and as a result wines are simpler and fruitier; Crianza adds minimum oak aging time to add complex secondary flavors
97
Where is Carmenère native to? Where is it most widely grown?
Native to Bordeaux; grown in Chile
98
Where is most Carmenère grown in Chile? Why?
Central Valley because it contains the only areas warm enough for the grape to fully ripen
99
What is Argentina's most important grape varietal?
Malbec
100
Where is Malbec native to?
France
101
What region in Argentina is best known for Malbec?
Mendoza
102
Where is Mendoza? What moderates the climate there?
Argentina; high-altitude
103
What part of South Africa is most famous for Pinotage wines?
Western Cape
104
How does Pinotage differ from Pinot Noir?
Pinotage has more tannin on average
105
If you are drinking wine from the Barolo DOCG, what is the only varietal allowed in it?
Nebbiolo
106
What regions in Italy are most famous for Nebbiolo wines?
Barolo DOCG, Barbaresco DOCG
107
Which region in Italy is best known for high quality Barbera wines?
Barbera d'Asti
108
What is the primary grape varietal used in Valpolicella wines?
Corvina
109
What does 'Classico' indicate on an Italian wine label?
The village the wine was produced on is located in a historic hillside area
110
What is appassimento?
A method of picking grapes and drying them indoors to concentrate the flavors and sugars
111
What famous Italian wines are made using the appassimento method? Which of them is sweeter?
Amarone della Valpolicella, Recioto della Valpolicella; Recioto is sweeter
112
What flavor notes would you expect from a red wine made using the appassimento method?
Prune, raisin, fig (dried fruit)
113
What type of grape is found in wines from the Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?
Sangiovese
114
What region in Italy is most famous for Montepulciano wines?
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC
115
Which Italian varietals have the highest tannin?
Nebbiolo, Sangiovese, Montepulciano
116
If you are looking for a fruitier and more easy-drinking Italian red wine, what varietals might you choose?
Barbera, Valpolicella (Corvina)
