Redhat Chapter 1 Flashcards by Nicka .

Which two of the following are benefits of open source software for the user? (Choose two.)

A) Code can survive the loss of the original developer or distributor.

B) Sensitive portions of code are protected and only available to the original developer.

C) You can learn from real-world code and develop more effective applications.

D) Code remains open as long as it is in a public repository but the license may change when included with closed source software.

A) Code can survive the loss of the original developer or distributor.

C) You can learn from real-world code and develop more effective applications

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Which two of the following are ways in which Red Hat develops their products for the future and interacts with the community? (Choose two.)

A) Sponsor and integrate open source projects into the community-driven Fedora project.

B) Develop specific integration tools only available in Red Hat distributions.

C) Participate in upstream projects.

D) Repackage and re-license community products.

A) Sponsor and integrate open source projects into the community-driven Fedora project.

C) Participate in upstream projects.

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Which two statements describe the benefits of Linux? (Choose two.)

A) Linux is developed entirely by volunteers making it a low cost operating system.

B) Linux is modular and can be configured as a full graphical desktop or a small appliance.

C) Linux is locked in a known state for a minimum of one year for each release, making it easier to develop custom software.

D) Linux includes a powerful and scriptable command-line interface, enabling easier automation and provisioning.

B) Linux is modular and can be configured as a full graphical desktop or a small appliance.

D) Linux includes a powerful and scriptable command-line interface, enabling easier automation and provisioning.

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is a critical technology for IT professionals to understand.

Linux

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is in widespread use, and if you use the internet at all, you are probably already interacting with these systems in your daily life.

Linux

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the most obvious way in which you interact with Linux systems is through browsing the _________ and using e-commerce sites to buy and sell products.

World Wide Web

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manages point-of-sale systems and the world’s stock markets, and also powers smart TVs and in-flight entertainment systems.

Linux

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Linux powers most of the top 500 ________in the world.

supercomputers

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Some of the many reasons to learn Linux include:

A Windows user needs to interoperate with Linux.
In application development, Linux hosts the application or its runtime.
In cloud computing, the cloud instances in the private or public cloud environment use Linux as the operating system.
With mobile applications or the Internet of Things (IoT), the chances are high that the operating system of your device uses Linux.
If you are looking for new opportunities in IT, Linux skills are in high demand.

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Linux is open source software. (True or false)

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Being _________ does not just mean that you can see how the system works. You can also experiment with changes and share them freely for others to use.

open source

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The open source model means that improvements are easier to make, enabling faster innovation. (True or false)

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Linux provides easy access to a powerful and scriptable _________

command-line interface (CLI).

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CLI means?

command-line interface

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is a modular operating system that allows you to easily replace or remove components.

Linux

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A ___________ system can be a general-purpose development workstation or an extremely stripped-down software appliance.

Linux

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is software with source code that anyone can use, study, modify, and share.

Open source software

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is the set of human-readable instructions that are used to make a program.

Source code

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It may be interpreted as a script or compiled into a binary executable which the computer runs directly.

Source code

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Upon creating _______, it gets copyrighted, and the copyright holder controls the terms under which the software can be copied, adapted, and distributed. Users can use this software under a software license.

source code

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Some software has source code that only the person, team, or organization that created it can see, or change, or distribute. This software is sometimes called “_______” or “closed source” software.

proprietary

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Open source software is different. When the copyright holder provides software under an open source license, they grant the user the right to run the program and also to _______, _______, _______, and _______the source royalty-free to others.

view
modify
compile
redistribute

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Open source promotes _______, _______, _______, and _______ because it encourages people beyond the original developers to make modifications and improvements to the software and to share it with others.

collaboration
sharing
transparency
rapid innovation

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is a critical part of many organizations’ commercial operations.

Open source

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One can sell open source code, but the terms of true open source licenses generally allow the customer to redistribute the source code. (True or false)

Most commonly, vendors such as _______ provide commercial help with deploying, supporting, and extending solutions based on open source products.

Red Hat

Open source has many benefits for the user:

CTSS -Control: See what the code does and change it to improve it. - Training: Learn from real-world code and develop more useful applications. - Security: Inspect sensitive code, fix with or without the original developers' help. - Stability: Code can survive the loss of the original developer or distributor.

The bottom line is that open source allows the creation of better software with a higher return on investment by _______

collaboration

Types of Open Source Licenses:

Copyleft licenses that are designed to encourage keeping code open source. Permissive licenses that are designed to maximize code reusability.

See what the code does and change it to improve it. A) Control B) Training C) Security D) Stability

A) Control

Learn from real-world code and develop more useful applications. A) Control B) Training C) Security D) Stability

B) Training

Inspect sensitive code, fix with or without the original developers' help. A) Control B) Training C) Security D) Stability

C) Security

Code can survive the loss of the original developer or distributor. A) Control B) Training C) Security D) Stability

D) Stability

licenses that are designed to encourage keeping code open source.

Copyleft licenses

licenses that are designed to maximize code reusability.

Permissive licenses

Copyleft licenses are also called "_________" licenses

share-alike

these licenses, require that anyone who distributes the source code, with or without changes, must also pass along the freedom for others to also copy, change, and distribute the code.

Copyleft licenses or share-alike licenses

Common copyleft licenses include:

- GNU General Public License (GPL) | - Lesser GNU Public License (LGPL).

_______ licenses are intended to maximize the reusability of source code.

Permissive

This makes it very easy for this code to be reused, but at the risk of encouraging proprietary-only enhancements.

Permissive licenses

Several commonly used permissive open source licenses include:

- MIT/X11 license - Simplified BSD license - Apache Software License 2.0

It is NOT a misconception to think that open source is developed solely by an "army of volunteers" or even an army of individuals plus Red Hat. (True or false)

F (It is a misconception to think that open source is developed solely by an "army of volunteers" or even an army of individuals plus Red Hat.)

The combination of formal and informal development provides a highly dynamic and productive environment. (True or false)

is the world's leading provider of open source software solutions, using a community-powered approach to reliable and high-performance cloud, Linux, middleware, storage, and virtualization technologies.

Red Hat

Red Hat's mission is to be the _______ in communities of customers, contributors, and partners creating better technology the open source way.

catalyst

Red Hat's role is to help customers connect with the open source community and their partners to effectively use open source software solution. (True or false)

actively participates in and supports the open source community and many years of experience have convinced the company of the importance of open source to the future of the IT industry.

Red Hat

Red Hat is most well-known for their participation in the Linux community and the _______

Red Hat Enterprise Linux distribution

Red Hat is also very active in other open source communities, including middleware projects centered on the JBoss developer community, virtualization solutions, cloud technologies such as OpenStack and OpenShift, and the Ceph and Gluster software-based storage projects, among others. (True or false)

A _______ is an installable operating system constructed from a Linux kernel and supporting user programs and libraries.

Linux distribution

A _______ provides an easy way for users to install and manage a working Linux system.

distribution

A complete Linux operating system is NOT developed by a single organization, but by a collection of independent open source development communities working with individual software components (True or false)

In 1991, a young computer science student named _______ developed a Unix-like kernel he named Linux, licensed as open source software under the GPL.

Linus Torvalds

The _______ is the core component of the operating system, which manages hardware, memory, and the scheduling of running programs.

kernel

Linux _______ could then be supplemented with other open source software, such as utilities and programs from the GNU Project, the graphical interface from MIT's X Window System,etc.

kernel

distributions generally have many common characteristics:

- Distributions consist of a Linux kernel and supporting user space programs. - Distributions can be small and single-purpose or include thousands of open source programs. - Distributions must provide a means of installing and updating the distribution and its components. - The provider of the distribution must support that software, and ideally, be participating directly in the community developing that software.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux is Red Hat's commercialized Linux distribution. (True or false)

participates in supporting individual open source projects. It contributes code, developer time, resources, and other support, often collaborating with developers from other Linux distributions. It helps to improve the general quality of software for everyone.

Red Hat

Red Hat develops and integrates open source software into _______ through a multistage process.

RHEL

Red Hat sponsors and integrates open source projects into a community-driven Linux distribution, _______.

Fedora

provides a free working environment that can serve as a development lab and proving ground for features that are incorporated into their commercialized products.

Fedora

Red Hat stabilizes the software to ensure that it is ready for long term support and standardization, and integrates it into their enterprise-ready distribution, _______.

RHEL

is a community project that produces and releases a complete, free, Linux-based operating system.

Fedora

The _______ project contributes everything back to the free and open source world, and anyone can participate.

Fedora

RHEL means?

Red Hat Enterprise Linux

is Red Hat's enterprise-ready, commercially-supported Linux distribution. I

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)

_______ bases its major releases of RHEL on Fedora.

Red Hat

Fedora focuses on long-term stability, not on innovation and excellence. (True or false)

F | Fedora focuses on innovation and excellence, not long-term stability.

helps vendors and customers engage with the open source community, and to work with upstream development to develop solutions and fix issues.

Red Hat

Red Hat Enterprise Linux uses a _______ distribution model.

subscription-based

is a community-driven Linux distribution derived from much of the open source Red Hat Enterprise Linux codebase and other sources.

CentOS

It is free of charge, is easy to install, and is staffed and supported by an active user community of volunteers that operates independently of Red Hat.

CentOS

1.)________ is Self-support only while 2.)_______ has Several support levels available. - CentOS - Red Hat Enterprise Linux

1. )CentOS | 2. )Red Hat Enterprise Linux

1.)________ has thousands of certified applications from hundreds of ISVs.has while 2.)_______ is generally not certified by software vendors like SAS, SAP, and Oracle as a supported platform. - CentOS - Red Hat Enterprise Linux

1. )Red Hat Enterprise Linux | 2. )CentOS

is software with source code that anyone can freely use, study, modify, and share.

Open source software

A ________ is an installable operating system constructed from a Linux kernel and supporting user programs and libraries.

Linux distribution