Reducing Addiction

Question 1

What is one way to reduce and addiction?

Answer 1

Drug therapy

Question 2

what is does drug therapy in terms of nicotine use?

Answer 2

-nicotine replacement therapy agonist substitute
-provide it from a less harmful source e.g patches

Question 3

Explain drug therapy in terms of nicotine.

Answer 3

-stimulate the nicotine receptros and activate the brain reward pathway through the release of dopamine
-stimulates receptors in the nucleus accumbens gives same pleasureable feeling
-reduces withdrawal symptoms and stops the cravings

Question 4

What does nicotine replacement therapy also do?

Answer 4

-desentisise the nicotine receptors in the brain
-gives small dosage of nictine this will fill some not all
-reduced the numbers which reduces cravings gradually the dosage they need will go away

Question 5

What do they use fro drug therapy in gamblers?

Answer 5

opiod antagonist usually used for heroin addiction

Question 6

what is the aim of the drug therapy of gamblers?

Answer 6

reduce the pleasurable feeling would associate with gambling

Question 7

Explain how drug therapy works in terms of gamblers addiction?

Answer 7

-naltrexone
-enhance the release of neurotransmitters such as GABA in the mesolimbic pathway
-increased GABA activity reduces dopamine in the nucleus accumbens
-reduce urge to gamble

Question 8

What are the evaluations for drug therapy?

Answer 8

-RTS STEAD ET AL
-MOTIVATION/COMMITMENT
-NEGATIVE SIDE EFFECTS

Question 9

Explain the research to support by stead et al.

Answer 9

-effectiveness of NRT
-reviewed 150 high quality studies compared NRT with a Placebo
-any from of NRT sig more effective in helping smokers quit that a placebo
-supports reduce withdrawl and desensitising

Question 9

Explain the motivation and commitment.

Answer 9

-only have to use a patch or chew gum to reduce symptoms
-unlike CBT requires more effort and motivation attend long period of time and completely homework

Question 10

Explain the limitation of negative side effects.

Answer 10

-use NRT or opiod antagonist
-common side effects are sleep disturbance, stomach problems
-unlike CBT which is non ivasive and works by indeitfiying and challenging irrational thoughts
-relapse

Question 11

What are the two types of behavoural interventions?

Answer 11

Aversion therapy
covert sensitisation

Question 12

What is the aim of aversion therapy?

Answer 12

change a pleasurable association with addictive behaviour to a unpleasant association

Question 13

Explain aversion therapy in terms of nicotine?

Answer 13

-repid smoking
-sit alone and take a puff every 6 secnos
-feel nausia which will associate wiht the smoking
-repeated until they develop aversion to smoking

Question 14

Explain aversion in terms of gamblers?

Answer 14

-use electric shocks that dont cause permanent damage
-avert people from gambling by giving pain
-write down gambling related phrasses then they non relted shown two second electric shock

Question 15

What is covert sensitisation ?

Answer 15

-client relax
-therapist reads a script for the cleint to imagine a aversive situation
-imagine smoking a cig and then followed by a unppleasant consequence
-faeces
-talk abt elemnts like the scene and the smell
-end turn addict releif

Question 16

What are the evaluations for covert sensitisation?

Answer 16

-NON INVASIVE
-ETHICAL
-MOTIVATION AND COMMITMENT

Question 17

Explain the evaluation of non invasive.

Answer 17

-for example if individual is pregnant covert sensitivsation unikelty harm foetus
-unlike aversion therapy stress pain andnausia during pregnancy which can have emotional and physical effects on the foetus

Question 18

Explain the evaluation of ethical?

Answer 18

-aversion therapy not ethical
-using instances like rapid smoking or an electric shock this can cause psychological and physical harm
-physically sick
-covert sensitivsation approriate as it is a vitro experiencereduces physical psycholgical harm

Question 19

Explain the evaluation of motivation and commitment.

Answer 19

both however require motivation and commitment
-commit by going long periodt also
-work with therapist to unlearn the addictive behaviour
-

Question 20

What is the final way to treat and individual with an addiction?

Answer 20

CBT

Question 21

Explain identification.

Answer 21

functional analysis
-as client identify high risk situation that make them engage in addictive behavior
-what they think before during ad after
-identifiy cog bias to challenge the faulty thinking

Question 22

Explain cognitive.

Answer 22

cognitive restructuring
change the irrational maladaptive thoughts to rational adaptive thought
empirical disputing

Question 23

What is behavioral strategy.

Answer 23

skills training
-taught social skills which help to cope with the addictive behavior
-teaching to refuse without embarrassment role play
-avoidance strategies

Question 24

And what is homework?

Answer 24

-do the social skills in the real world and report back -they then relapse prevention

Question 25

What are the evluations?

Answer 25

-motivation -avoids chemical dependance -non invasive

Question 26

Explain the evaluation of motivation.

Answer 26

-patients must attent CBT sessions over a long period of time -also do homework to challenge the irrational thoughts -unlike drug therapy where they simply where a patch/ gum to reduce the addiction

Question 27

Explain the strength of chemical dependance.

Answer 27

-taughts skills to indetifiy and challenge there cognitive distortions causing addiction -e.g cannot cope without substance -inlike drug therapy where it is dependant on a drug that contrpls the addiction by regulating nicotine/dopamine levels

Question 28

explain invasive.

Answer 28

-cbt unlikely to harmfoetus -unlike drug therapy whcih uses chemicals scuh as nicotine can cause physical damage