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1
Q

Chesson, 2000

A

Stabilising mechanisms such as resource partitioning are essential for species coexistence

2
Q

Kitchen et al., 1999

A

Swift foxes specialise in small prey while coyotes consume greater proportions of large prey

3
Q

Schoener, 1968

A

Lizards of the genus Anolis divide their habitat according to perch height and perch diameter

4
Q

Plaisance et al., 2011

A

Tropical reefs shelter one-third to one-quarter of all marine life

5
Q

Lough et al., 2018

A

Coral-algal symbiosis is essential for the functioning of reefs but thermal stress can break down this symbiosis and lead to bleaching

6
Q

Gurnell et al., 2004

A

Grey squirrels from North America have replaced red squirrels throughout much of Britain, Ireland and North Italy

7
Q

Schluter, 2000

A

Adaptive radiation is the evolution of ecological diversity within a rapidly multiplying lineage

8
Q

Townsend, 1997

A

Species richness of stream invertebrates was greatest in streams that experienced an intermediate frequency of disturbance

9
Q

Potts, 2010

A

Pollinators provide vital ecosystem services to crops and wild plants and are a key component of global diversity

10
Q

Ostfeld, 1989

A

Sea otters in Santa Cruz switched from sea urchins to kelp depending on depleting numbers

11
Q

Pelletier, 2017

A

Eco-evolutionary dynamics is defined as an evolutionary change in a trait that causes a change in an ecological variable that then influences selection on the same or some other trait

12
Q

Bell and Gonzalez, 1999

A

Tested the theory that evolutionary rescue can prevent extinction following an environmental change by exposing yeast cells to different salt concentrations

13
Q

Dodson, 1988

A

The presence of predators induce longer helmets and longer spines in Daphnia

14
Q

Arjen et al., 2016

A

During the industrial revolution, the pale form of the peppered moth was replaced by a black form

15
Q

Hooper, 2005

A

Ecosystem goods and services have been altered by species invasions and human activities

16
Q

Reiss et al., 2009

A

If an entire functional group of seemingly redundant species is lost then an ecosystem can suffer severe consequences

17
Q

Loreau et al., 2001

A

In changing environments, larger numbers of species are needed to reduce variability in ecosystem processes

18
Q

State of the Climate: Global Climate Report for Annual 2016, 2017

A

The average global temperature has increased by 0.94C above the 20th-century average

19
Q

Parmesan and Yohe, 2003

A

Species have migrated around 6.1km per decade northward/upward

20
Q

Malcolm et al., 2006

A

Global warming is a key threat to biodiversity

21
Q

Damuth, 1981

A

There seems to be an inverse relationship between the size of an animal species and its local abundance

22
Q

Pringle, 2008

A

As a result of elephants damaging trees, their structural complexity is increased, which provides refuges for a common arboreal lizard

23
Q

Yvon-Durocher et al., 2011

A

Body size of aquatic species decreases with an increase in temperature

24
Q

Molnar et al., 2010

A

Populations of polar bear are predicted to be negatively impacted by global warming

25
Q

Thuiller et al., 2005

A

• We found that risks of extinction for European plants may be large, even in moderate scenarios of climate change

26
Q

Huntley and Webb, 1989

A

Tree populations change in distribution, abundance and association in response to long-term changes in climate

27
Q

Groot et al., 2002

A

Ecosystems provide goods and services such as climate regulation, UVb protection by O3 and provision of drinking water amongst others

28
Q

Reiss et al., 2009 (2)

A

Earth’s biota regulates numerous fluxes of energy and matter, including carbon uptake, nutrient cycling and oxygen production.