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12- Sanchez > Reflectivist and Constructivist Approches > Flashcards

Reflectivist and Constructivist Approches Flashcards

1
Q

dominant theory in international relations

A

realism

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2
Q

changes that challenged the dominance of realism

A

1.) new approaches have been developed
2.) developments in other academic
disciplines
3.) resurgence of liberalism in
the form of neo-liberal institutionalism

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3
Q

theories that perceive the world as external to human understanding

A

Explanatory theories

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4
Q

assert that theories actively shape and construct the world

A

constitutive theories

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5
Q

structural realist and structuralist theories primarily adopt an ___________
approach

A

explanatory

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6
Q

newer approaches, including certain liberal perspectives,
tend to be ________ theories

A

constitutive

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7
Q

The ___________ distinction in the philosophy of social science revolves around whether beliefs about the world can be
objectively tested.

A

foundational/anti-foundational

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8
Q

True or false
Foundationalists believe that truth claims can be judged true or false
based on neutral grounds,

A

True

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9
Q

______ argue that neutral grounds do
not exist, and each theory defines what counts as facts.

A

anti-foundationalists

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10
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

new approaches to
international theory, including post-modernism, some feminist theory, and normative
theory, lean towards foundationalism.

A

FALSE

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
the neo-neo debate, historical
sociology, and critical theory tend towards foundationalism.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

________ aims
to occupy the middle ground

A

Social constructivism

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

constitutive theories
often lean towards foundationalism; Explanatory theories generally align with anti-foundationalism.

A

False

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14
Q

Traditional international theory was largely influenced by _____ ideas

A

positivistic

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15
Q

who is associated mainly with social constructivism?

A

Alexander Wendt

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16
Q

Theories under rationalism

A

Neo-realism
Neo-liberalism

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17
Q

Theories under reflectivism

A

Post modernism
Feminism
Normative Theory
Critical Theory
Historical Sociology

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18
Q

Bridges the gap between rationalism and reflectivism

A

Social Constructivism

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19
Q

give the focal points for the following reflectivist approaches

A
  • gender for feminists
  • values for normative theories
  • knowledge construction
    for postmodernists
  • state-class relationships for historical sociologists
    -knowledge/power
    relationships for critical theorists.
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20
Q

emphasized empirical analysis
over normative debates

A

Positivism

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21
Q

focuses on
humanity or individuals

A

Cosmopolitanism

22
Q

communitarianism prioritizes __________

A

political community (the state)

23
Q

focused on addressing the absence of
women in world politics.

A

liberal feminism

24
Q

________ feminists like Enloe advocate for equal rights and opportunities for women, aiming to
scrutinize and dismantle structures that perpetuate women’s exclusion from power.

A

liberal

25
Q

________ feminism draws from Marxism to highlight economic forces, particularly
within _______, shaping women’s lives.

A

Socialist/Marxist; capitalism

26
Q

Key difference between socialist and marxist feminism

A

Marxist- capitalism
Socialisy - capitalism + patriarchy

27
Q

_________ feminism, combines post-modern identity
theories with a focus on gender rather than exclusively on women.

A

Post-modernist feminism

28
Q

analyzes how world
politics’ structures construct gender roles, questioning the production of ‘men’ and ‘women’ in
global politics

A

Post-modernist feminism

29
Q

______ feminism challenges the predominantly male
influence on the world.

A

Standpoint feminism

30
Q

argues that current knowledge is biased towards men, offering only a
partial understanding

A

Standpoint feminism

31
Q

________
challenges traditional social science methodologies.

A

Critical theory

32
Q

According to _______, the social scientist is inherently part of the society studied.

A

Max Horkheimer

33
Q

_______ contributed to the
concept of the ideal speech situation, emphasizing communicative competence for rational
political consensus.

A

Jürgen Habermas

34
Q

________ advocates for international theory to be rooted in critical theory. Heemphasizes that
concepts like ‘individuals’ or ‘states’ are not inherent but products of historical and social forces.

A

Robert Cox

35
Q

akin to critical theory, challenges the notion of the state as a given in world
politics, delving into the complex social processes that shape societies over time.

A

Historical sociology

36
Q

highlights the intricate
and varied nature of states. It emphasizes that states are not only products of domestic and
international forces but are also influenced by globalization.

A

Historical sociology

37
Q

He argues that the national state prevailed due to its role in
warfare, distinguishing between capital-intensive and coercion-intensive regimes.

A

Charles Tilly

38
Q

three types of states resulting from the combinations of these forms of
power (capital and coercion)

A

tribute-making empires, fragmented sovereignty systems (city-states), and national
states

39
Q

IEMP model stands for _________

A

ideological, economic, military, and political

40
Q

His work, though complex and ambitious, contributes
significantly to understanding how states have evolved and interacted with the
international political system.

A

Michael Mann

41
Q

a highly influential theoretical development across the social sciences in recent
decades, entered international theory in the mid-1980s

A

Post-modernism

42
Q

_______ defines it as “incredulity towards
metanarratives,” referring to theories claiming absolute truth.

A

Jean-François Lyotard

43
Q

aims to
deconstruct and distrust any narrative claiming direct access to truth

A

Post-modernism

44
Q

Two themes by Richard Devetak

A

Power-knowledge relationship & Textual Strategies

45
Q

influenced by Michel Foucault, suggests that power
creates knowledge. All power needs knowledge, and all knowledge supports existing
power structures.

A

Power-knowledge relationship

46
Q

Drawing
from Derrida’s perspective suggests that the way we perceive the social world is akin to
interpreting a text.

A

Textual Strategies

47
Q

2 ways of expo textual interplays:

A

Deconstruction & Double reading

48
Q

True or False

Double reading challenges the notion that language presents stable and natural concepts,
instead highlighting how language constructs artificial hierarchies.

A

False

48
Q

True or False

Deconstruction demonstrates that
theories and discourses rely on these artificial stabilities created by apparent oppositions
in language, such as rich/poor or good/bad, which privilege one term over the other.

A

True

49
Q

True or False

Deconstruction involves examining a text from two perspectives.

A

False

12- Sanchez (3 decks)

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