Reflexes Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the primary walking reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: hold infant in supported standing, tilt trunk forward slightly
Response: reciprocal extension & fanning of toes
Suppression month: 0-2 months
What is the neonatal neck righting reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: turn head when infant is in supine
Response: body logrolls toward same side
Suppression month: 0-6
What is the rooting reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: stroking of perioral region
Response: head turning to that side w/ mouth opening
Suppression month: 0-3
What is the sucking reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: touch limps, tongue, or palate
Response: results to automatic sucking
Suppression month: 0-6
What is the palmar grasp reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: pressure stimulus against palm
Response: grasping of object w/ slow release
Suppression month: 0-4
What is the plantar grasp reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: pressure stimulus to sole or lowering feet to floor
Response: curling of toes
Suppression month: 0 - first months of walking
What is the moro reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: sudden neck extension
Response: shoulder abduction followed by shoulder, elbow, & finger extension followed by arm flexion abduction
Suppression month: 4-6
What is the startle reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: sudden noise, clapping
Response: same as moro
Suppression month: 4-6
What is the positive supporting reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: light pressure or weight bearing on plantar surface
Response: legs extend for partial support of body weight
Suppression month: 3-5
What is the asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR). Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: head turning to side
Response: extremities extend on face side, flex on occiput side
Suppression month: 6-7 (rarely seen after 4)
What is the symmetric tonic neck reflex (STNR). Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: neck flexion or neck extension
Response: arms flex, legs extend (w/ neck flexion); arms extend, legs flex (w/ neck extension)
Suppression month: 6-7 (gone by 10 months)
What is the tonic labyrinthine prone reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: prone position
Response: maximal flexor tone
Suppression month: 0-6
What is the tonic labyrinthine supine reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: supine position
Response: maximal extensor tone
Suppression month: 0-6
What is the placing reactions reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: drag dorsum of foot or back of hand against edge of table
Response: placing of foot or hand onto tabletop
Suppression month: 0-6
What is the optical/labyrinthine righting reflex. Include stimulus, response, and suppression.
Stimulus: body is tilted
Response: head orients to vertical position
Suppression month: 1 month - life
What are righting reactions?
- “alignment” reactions
- automatic reactions which bring head and trunk into normal position in space in relation to ground
- requires anti-gravity muscle control
What are equilibrium reactions?
- “safety” reactions
- automatic reactions which occur because the body’s COG has been displaced
- uses rotation/diagonals outside the body to “save” the body
- like righting reactions but faster
What are protective reactions?
- used when safety reactions fail
- rapid response that involves UE & LE
- trunk/head control is secondary
What are the protective reactions and when doe they develop?
- Downward (parachute): 6 months
- Forward: 5 months
- Sideways: 7 months
- Backward: 9 months
- Protective stagger: 15-18 months
- Dorsiflexion reaction: 15-18 months
What is reflex integration?
- inhibition by neurological control centers which modify the reflex that the pattern response is no longer stereotypical
- modifies the reflex
What can occur with a prolonged ATNR reflex?
- prone to hip dislocations on the face side of the reflex
- due to shallow acetabulum
What can occur with a prolonged STNR reflex?
Prevents core strengthening (able to balance and sit in stable BOS w/ hips b/w legs)
- babies tend to toe walk
- poor ball skills
What can occur with a prolonged TLR (P&S) reflex?
- UE weakness
- slouched sitting
- balance issue and issues w/ SL activities
What are you observing with reflexes?
- Prescence vs absence
- symmetry vs asymmetry
- fleeting vs obligatory
