Refractive/ Glaucoma surgeries Flashcards
(24 cards)
Which refractive surgery uses one laser to create both the corneal incision and the stromal lenticule?
SMILE (small incision
* uses femtosecond laser
What does MIGS stand for?
Minimally-invasive glaucoma surgery
What is the primary goal of MIGS?
Providing safer surgical procedures for IOP reduction
How are MIGS procedures typically performed?
Through a micro incision (usually a clear cornea or small scleral incision)
What advantage do MIGS have in terms of tissue trauma?
Minimal trauma to the targeted tissue
How do the efficacy and recovery of MIGS compare to traditional glaucoma surgeries?
- Reasonable degree of efficacy
- More rapid recovery
True or False: MIGS have a less favorable safety record compared to traditional incision procedures.
False
What is a common characteristic of MIGS in terms of surgical approach?
They are minimally invasive
What type of pressure do MIGS aim to reduce in patients?
Intraocular pressure (IOP)
Argon laser trabeculoplasty settings
Argon laser set:
spot size: 50 microns
Time: 0.1 second duration
Power: 700 mW (300-1000 mW range)
Selective laser trabeculoplasty settings
SLT settings:
Laser 532nm Q-switch, frequency doubled, Nd:YAG
Spot size: 400 microns
Pulse duration: 0.3 ns
Power: 0.8 mj (in more heavily pigmented angles, initial power can start lower 0.3-0.6 mJ)
What are the two viable options for a patient with a high prescription?
ICLs (implantable collamer lenses) or RLE (refractive lens exchange)
RLE involves replacing the clear crystalline lens with a corrective intraocular lens.
What is a potential consequence of undergoing refractive lens exchange?
Presbyopia and the need for near correction
RLE is best for presbyopes already dependent on reading glasses.
What are the advantages of implantable collamer lenses?
Non-permanent and no thinning of corneal tissue
The procedure involves implanting a corrective lens behind the iris.
What risks are associated with the implantation of collamer lenses?
Endothelial cell loss or cataract formation
Risks occur if the corneal endothelium or natural lens is touched during surgery.
What procedure is usually performed prior to lens implantation in the anterior chamber?
Peripheral laser iridotomy
This is done to prevent pupillary block glaucoma.
What is conductive keratoplasty (CK)?
A type of refractive surgery for low hyperopes (+0.75 to +3.00 D with <0.75 D astigmatism)
CK uses radiofrequency energy to alter collagen in the cornea.
What is the typical outcome of conductive keratoplasty?
Results are often temporary and do not last more than a few years
CK results in a steepening of the central cornea.
What is the primary method of photo-refractive keratectomy (PRK)?
Excimer laser reshapes the underlying tissue after corneal epithelium removal
PRK is suitable for patients with thin corneas.
How much myopia can PRK eliminate?
Up to roughly 7.00 D
PRK typically has a more painful recovery than LASIK.
What is a necessary component of the recovery process after PRK?
Bandage contact lens
This is used while the epithelium heals.
What does LASIK utilize to reshape the cornea?
A laser to alter corneal thickness
LASIK can correct up to 12.00 D of myopia, 6.00 D of astigmatism, and 6.00 D of hyperopia.
What has replaced the microkeratome in LASIK procedures?
Laser to create the flap
This allows for better precision and reproducibility.
What are some reasons LASIK is popular?
Favorable results, increased reliability, quick recovery, and decreased discomfort
LASIK is widely favored for its efficiency and outcomes.
