Refresher 2 Flashcards
In mechanics, a __________ is a structural member
primarily designed to resist loads applied laterally
across its axis.
beam
It is supported at both of its supports. While one end
has a pin support (hinged), the other end comprises the roller
support.
SIMPLy supported beam
It is a type of beam extending over more than two
supports distributed throughout its length.
Continuous beam
A type of beam which has one end fixed (constrained),
while the other end extending outwards is free to
move. So, the beam is only supported at one end.
Cantilever beam
A type of beam which has a significant length
extending beyond the supports.
Overhanging beam
These beams are constrained at both ends and are
prevented from rotation and lateral movement at
both supports.
Fixed end beam
Allows translation in the direction perpendicular to the support surface and prevents translation in the parallel direction. It can resist vertical forces but cannot resist horizontal forces or moments.
Roller support
Allows rotation about the support axis but prevents translation in any direction. It can resist vertical and
horizontal forces but cannot resist a moment
(rotation).
Pinned support or hinge
Prevents all movement, including both translation and rotation. It can resist vertical and horizontal forces, as
well as moments.
Fixed support
It is a methodology for improving business processes by reducing defects, errors, and variation, ultimately aiming for near-perfect quality (3.4 defects per million opportunities).
Six sigma
DMAIC stands for
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control
It states that for many outcomes, roughly 80% of consequences come from 20% of causes.
Pareto Principle
A hazard identification technique in which all known failure modes of components or features of a system are considered in turn and undesired outcomes are noted. It is often used in
combination with hazard and operability (HAZOP) studies or
fault tree analysis.
FMEA
This is a systematic study of the causes of failures and their effects. All causes or modes of failure are considered for each element of a system, and then all possible outcomes or effects are recorded.
FMEA
A logic model that graphically portrays the combinations of failures that can lead to a specific main failure or incident of interest.
Fault tree
A discontinuity that occurs when you have a rational expression with common factors in the numerator and denominator is known as:
Removable discontinuity
Regression analysis makes use of the relationship between two or more quantitative variables so that one variable , called the dependent variable or response variable, which can be predicted with the knowledge of the values of the other variable, the other variable is called the _______
Independent variable
A sequence of experiments in which each experiment has a finite number of outcomes with given probabilities is called:
Stochastic process
The maxima and minima (collective) of a function are known collectively as _______.
extremas
The maxima and minima of a function are known collectively as _______.
Extrema
At the maximum point on a curve:
F’(x) = 0 and f’‘(x) = negative
An organized effort to identify and evaluate hazards associated with
processes and operations to enable their control. This review
normally involves the use of qualitative techniques to identify and assess the significance of hazards. Conclusions and appropriate
recommendations are developed. Occasionally, quantitative methods
are used to help prioritize risk reduction.
PHA
A scenario-based hazard evaluation procedure in which a team uses a series of guide words to identify possible deviations from the intended design or operation of a process, then examines the potential consequences of the deviations and the adequacy of existing safeguards.
HAZOP
It has been defined to include all activities required to identify hazards, to identify potential loss event scenarios, and to evaluate the risks of a facility throughout its life cycle, to ensure that risks to employees, the public or the environment are properly managed.
HIRA
