Regulating water balance

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

The maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body.

Question 2

True or False: The balance of water in the body is a key component of homeostasis.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What percentage of the human body is made up of water?

Answer 3

Approximately 60%.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The two main compartments of body water are __________ and __________.

Answer 4

intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid

Question 5

What is the primary function of the kidneys in water balance?

Answer 5

To regulate the volume and composition of body fluids.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating water balance?

Answer 6

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 7

What effect does dehydration have on the body’s water balance?

Answer 7

It causes an increase in blood osmolarity and triggers thirst.

Question 8

True or False: The body can survive indefinitely without water.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What role does osmoregulation play in water balance?

Answer 9

It helps to maintain the osmotic pressure of body fluids.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The process by which water moves across a semipermeable membrane is called __________.

Answer 10

osmosis

Question 11

Which organ is primarily responsible for the excretion of excess water?

Answer 11

The kidneys

Question 12

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a method for the body to gain water?

Answer 12

Ingestion of fluids and food

Question 13

What is the role of aldosterone in water balance?

Answer 13

It promotes sodium reabsorption, which helps retain water.

Question 14

True or False: Sweating is a way for the body to lose water.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What is the term for the sensation of thirst?

Answer 15

Polydipsia

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The hypothalamus detects changes in __________ to regulate thirst.

Answer 16

blood osmolarity

Question 17

What is the primary source of water loss in the body?

Answer 17

Urination

Question 18

Multiple Choice: Which of the following can lead to an imbalance in water homeostasis?

Answer 18

Excessive sweating, vomiting, or diarrhea

Question 19

What is the term for the condition caused by excessive water retention?

Answer 19

Hyponatremia

Question 20

True or False: Water balance is solely dependent on fluid intake.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What is the function of aquaporins?

Answer 21

They facilitate the transport of water across cell membranes.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The balance of water in the body is crucial for maintaining __________.

Answer 22

cellular function

Question 23

What does a high blood osmolarity indicate?

Answer 23

Dehydration or low water levels in the body.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: What is the primary trigger for the release of ADH?

Answer 24

Increased blood osmolarity

Question 25

What is the impact of alcohol on water balance?

Answer 25

It inhibits ADH, leading to increased urination and potential dehydration.

Question 26

True or False: Drinking too much water can be harmful.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is the main function of extracellular fluid?

Answer 27

To provide a medium for nutrients and waste exchange between cells.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The body's response to low water levels includes increasing __________ production.

Answer 28

ADH

Question 29

What is the term for the fluid found within cells?

Answer 29

Intracellular fluid

Question 30

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a method of water loss?

Answer 30

Digestion of food

Question 31

What role does the cardiovascular system play in water balance?

Answer 31

It transports water and solutes throughout the body.

Question 32

True or False: Homeostasis is only concerned with water balance.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What is the relationship between sodium and water balance?

Answer 33

Sodium retention leads to water retention, affecting overall fluid balance.