Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NEURO > Rehabilitation in neuro > Flashcards

Rehabilitation in neuro Flashcards

1
Q

what concepts are rehabilitation practices based around

A

Impairment
Disability (activity limitation)
Handicap (Participation restriction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is impairment

A

Problems in body function or structure such as a significant deviation or loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is disability

A

an activity limitation (AL)

Difficulties an individual may have in executing activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is handicap

A

a participation restriction (PR)

Problems individual may have in involvement in life situations

most often referred to in terms of the individuals social role

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is rehabilitation

A

The restoration of patients to their fullest physical, mental and social capability

acquiring the knowledge and skills needed for optimal physical, psychological and social function

eg getting back to work, sex, golf, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is rehabilitation medicine

A

specialty of Medicine involved with the prevention and reduction of activity limitation and participation arising from impairments

the management of disability from a physical, psychosocial and vocational point of view.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are long term neurological conditions (LTNC)

A

Disease of, injury or damage to the nervous system which will affect the individual and their family in one way or another for the rest of their life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are some sudden onset

A

acquired brain injury
spinal cord injury
stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are some intermittent/unpredictable LTNC

A

epilepsy

early MS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are some progressive LTNC

A

motor neurone disease
parkinsons
later stages of MS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are some stable LTNC

A

needs only change due to development or ageing

post-polio syndrome
cerebral palsy in adults
spina bifida in adolescence/adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

name some other neurological conditions

A

Guillain Barre Syndrome
Muscle diseases (e.g. myotonic dystrophy)
Hereditary spastic paraparesis
Huntington’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what physical problems can LTNC cause

A 
Weakness (hemiparesis/paraparesis)
Loss of / abnormal sensation
Increased or decreased tone / spasticity
Visual disturbance, e.g. homonymous hemianopisa
Loss of hearing
Loss of smell and taste
Swallowing and communication difficulties
Bladder and bowel difficulties
Pain Syndrome
Seizures / Epilepsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are some cognitive “thinking” problems that occur after brain injury

A 
Post-traumatic amnesia
Confusion / disorientation
Severe memory problems (especially with recent events / working memory)
Poor concentration/ attention
Slowed thinking
Poor “executive functioning”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are some psychiatric/behavioural problems after brain injury

A 
Depression
Anxiety
Personality change
Irritability
“Childishness, selfishness, laziness”
Behavioural problems, including aggression  disinhibition, apathy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what assessments are examined in rehab

A 
History and Examination
Mobility
Activities of Daily living
Mood and Cognition
Bladder and bowels
Communication and swallow
Skin, Vision and hearing
17
Q

what components are involved in the process of rehabilitation

A 
Problem lists 
Set Goals
Identify barrier issues
Formulate management plan
Draw upon all relevant disciplines
Involve patient (family/carers)
18
Q

what are SMART goals

A 
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time limited
19
Q

what professionals are involved in rehab

A 
a multidisciplinary team:
Physiotherapist
Occupational therapist
Speech and Language therapist
Nurses
Dietician
Orthotists
Doctors
Neuropsychologist
Social worker
20
Q

what is spasticity

A

from an UMN lesion - presenting as intermittent sustained involuntary activation of muscles

21
Q

what are some complications of spasticity

A 
Poor seating and lying positions
Sleep difficulties and fatigue
Dressing and hygiene issues
Pain, spasms and associated reactions
Communication and feeding problems
Pressure sores and contracture
Poor self-image and relationship issues
22
Q

what is the management of spasticity

A 
PREVENTION
MD team approach
physical therapy 
exclue exacerbating symptoms 
oral antispastcity agents
focal treatment - botulinum toxin
23
Q

where can rehabilitation take place

A 
Acute hospital
Rehabilitation ward
Outpatient centre
Community facilities, e.g. local sports hall
Vocational rehabilitation service
In the patient’s home
24
Q

what are some benefits of rehabilitation

A

Greater independence
Greater chance of getting home or remaining at home
Increased comfort and dignity
Increased chance of remaining in / returning to work
Improved quality of life
Reduced need for care / assistance

25
Q

what are some secondary complications that can be prevented by rehab

A 
Pressure sores
Chest infections
Deep venous thrombosis
Malnutrition
Constipation
Musculoskeletal pain
Contractures
Low morale and depression
26
Q

what are the different classes of acquired brain injury

A

Head injury (traumatic brain injury)

Haemorrhagic (e.g. SAH)

Hypoxic / Anoxic (e.g. out of hospital cardiac arrest

Metabolic (e.g. hypoglycaemic)

Infective (meningitis, encephalitis)

27
Q

what can be used to classify and find severity of head injury

A

GCS
length of consciousness
post-traumatic amnesia (PTA)

28
Q

what classifies severe head injury

A

GCS - 3-8

PTA - 1-7 days

29
Q

what classifies moderate head injury

A

GCS - 9-12

PTA - 1-24 hrs

30
Q

what classifies mild head injury

A

GCS - 13-15

PTA - <1hr

31
Q

what are some other specialist services that can help in rehab

A 
Spasticity management 
Wheelchair and seating 
Continence service
Sexual / relationship counselling
Orthotics
Driving assessment service
Pain management 
Psychology
Carers centre
32
Q

give some examples of evidence that rehab world

A

stroke units provide better outcome than medical wards

inpatient MS rehab leads to reduced disability

brain injury receiving early rehab more likely to be discharged home

NEURO (51 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions