Reinventing the Color Line Flashcards
In 1970, Latinos and Asians comprised only of ____ and _____ percent of the nation’s population respectively, but in 2005, those percentages rose to _____ and ____ percent.
5 and 1
13 and 4
Intermarriage soured more than _____-fold over a 40-year period. Today, about _____ of American married couples involve someone whose partner is of a different race, a significant increase from earlier lower levels that _________ be attributed to changing racial composition alone.
20-fold 13%, cannot
The upswing in interracial marriage is responsible in large part for a _______ _________ __________.
growing multiracial population
How has a white-nonwhite divide been legally enforced throughout US history?
1) laws designating “pure” white versus “all others:
2) Supreme Court cases such as Takao Ozawa v. United States and United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind - persons of Asian origin were classified as nonwhite and considered ineligible for US citizenship
3) Civil Rights administrators extended affirmative action to Latinos, Native Americans, and Asians, who they claim have “suffered enough” - did not extend affirmative action to disadvantaged whites
4) introducing the term “people of color”
Accordingly, in a white-nonwhite model of race/ethnic relations, Asians and Latinos would fall closer to _______ than to ________ in their experiences in the United States.
blacks, whites
A tri-racial divide would be viewed as consisting of…
whites, honorary whites, and collective blacks
Who would be in the “white” category?
whites, assimilated white Latinos, some multiracials, assimilated Native Americans and a few Asian-origin people
Who would be in the “honorary whites” category?
light-skinned Latinos, Japanese Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, Asian Indians, Middle Eastern Americans, and most multiracials.
Who would be in the “collective black” category?
blacks, Filipinos, Vietnamese, Hmong, Laotians, dark-skinned Latinos, West Indian and African Immigrants, and reservation-bound Native Americans
How does the tri-racial order promote white supremacy?
creates an intermediate racial group to buffer racial conflict, a majority of immigrants would be consigned to the collective black strata.
How does the tri-racial order differ from the black-nonblack divide?
In the tri-racial order, many Latinos are racialized in a manner similar to African Americans, and therefore fall on the “black” side
While _____ percent of Asians and _____ percent of “Other” Americans identified multiracially, only _____ percent of the black population did.
12, 16, 4
The Census Bureau estimates that at least _____ of blacks in the US are ancestrally multiracial, but just over _____ percent chose to identify as such. What does this indicate?
3/4, 4, they rely on social construction of racial boundaries more than genealogy
Why is the rate of racial reporting three to four times higher among Asians and Latinos in comparison to blacks?
the historical absence of the constraining “one-drop” rule for these groups
Researchers have shown that ______________ most powerfully constrains the racial/ethnic options for blacks.
outsiders ascription
