Relationship with Persians throughout the period Flashcards
(15 cards)
What event marks the start of the relationship between Greeks and Persians? [Herodotus]
Ionian Revolt and Persian Invasion
In 492 BC, Persia invaded Greece, leading to significant historical conflicts.
What did Darius ask for during the second Persian Invasion? [Herodotus]
“Earth and water”
This request symbolized submission to Persian rule.
What was Mardonius’ main objective in 492 BC? [Herodotus]
Eretia and Athens
Mardonius aimed to expand Persian influence in Greece.
According to Herodotus, how did Greece suffer during the reigns of Darius, Xerxes, and Artaxerxes?
“Greece suffered more evils than in the twenty generations before Darius was born”
This emphasizes the extensive devastation caused by Persian invasions.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Marathon? [Herodotus]
6400 Persians died and only 192 Athenians died
This battle was a significant victory for the Athenians against the Persians.
Who gave the decision at Marathon regarding Athens’ fate? [Herodotus]
Miltiades
He emphasized the choice between slavery and freedom for Athens.
What did the Serpent’s Column represent?
Evidence of states being willing to fight
It commemorated the unity of Greek city-states against the Persians.
What was the Peace of Callias?
A treaty that established peace between the Greeks and Persians around 468/451 BC
Theopompos claimed it was a ‘fake’ treaty.
What did Kimon achieve at the Battle of Eurymedon? [Plut]
Carried off two victories in a single day
This battle significantly weakened Persian influence in the region.
What was the Athenians’ status in Egypt between 460-455 BC? [Thuc]
“At first the Athenians were masters of Egypt”
“but after six years of war, this great venture of the Hellenes came to nothing”
Their control led to Persian attempts to regain influence through Spartan alliances.
What did the Samians do during the Revolt of Samos in 440 BC? [Thuc]
Made an alliance with the Persians
They sought independence from Athenian control.
What was the significance of the treaties made between Spartans and Persians in 412/11 BC? [Thuc]
Recognized Persian claims over all their previous territories
This included Boeotia, Thessaly, and Ionia.
Who was Cyrus in relation to the Persian support during the Peloponnesian War?
Darius’ son who led Persian support for the Spartans
His leadership marked a turning point in the war.
What did the other members of the confederacy stipulate regarding leadership? [Herodotus]
“For a Lacedaemonian commander”
This indicates the influence of Sparta within the Hellenic League.
Fill in the blank: ‘Punish all men of Greek blood, who without compulsion yielded to the ______.’ [Herodotus]
Persians
This statement reflects the sentiment of resistance among Greek city-states.
