religion Flashcards
(93 cards)
1
Q
Tanakh
A
- The Hebrew bible- The Hebrew bible
2
Q
Torah-
A
The sacred core of the Hebrew bible
3
Q
Nevi’im-
A
translates to “prophets” also means the second section of the Hebrew scriptures and is made up of historical and prophetic books.
4
Q
Ketuvim –
A
Translates to writing but can also mean the third section of the Hebrew scriptures.
5
Q
Patriarch
A
– the important bishops who were leaders of entire regions.
6
Q
Abraham-(Jewish)
A
The first Hebrew patriarch
7
Q
Covenant-
A
a contract
8
Q
Isaac-
A
The son of Abraham
9
Q
Kosher –
A
– meaning “ritually correct” and applies to food preparation and consumption
10
Q
Moses
A
– Known as the great liberator and lawgiver was the one to free the Hebrews from slavery in Egypt
11
Q
Mt. Sinai (Mt. Horeb) –
A
The location where Moses spoke with god and received the 10 commandments.
12
Q
Plagues -
A
10 different diseases or afflictions the Hebrew god Yahweh sent upon the Egyptians to convince the pharaoh to let the Israelite slaves to leave
13
Q
Burning Bush-
A
An effigy of God that appeared to Moses commanding him to free the hebrews
14
Q
Ark of the Covenant-
A
What the Hebrews used to carry the commandments as they traveled for 40 years.
15
Q
Judah-(person)
A
son of Jacob and the founder of the tribe of Judah
16
Q
Joshua-
A
functioned as moses assistant in the books of exodus and numbers.
17
Q
Canaan-
A
The Hebrew holy land
18
Q
Samuel –
A
religious hero in the history of Israel
19
Q
Saul-
A
The first of 3 kings in canaan
20
Q
David –
A
The second of 3 kinds of canaan
21
Q
Solomon-
A
The final king of canaan
22
Q
Jerusalem-
A
The capital of Israel
23
Q
Temple-
A
The home of God
24
Q
Prophet-
A
a person who speaks the divine translation and speaks for god.
25
Nathan
– referred to as the first prophet and prophet to king David.
26
Amos-
known as the prophet of social justice and the first of the writing prophets
27
Hosea –
known as the prophet of doom
28
Jeremiah –
known as the prophet of Judah said “god divorced Israel”
29
Isaiah –
book of Isaiah named after him refers to himself as “the prophet” within the book.
30
Second Isaiah
- also known as a new exodus, describes the return of the exiled people of Israel from Babylon to Jerusalem.
31
Israel-
The homeland of the Hebrew people.
32
Judah – the land
– Held the location of the first temple
33
Judaism –
The religious practice of studying the Jewish belief
34
Bar (Bat) Mitzvah –
The Jewish coming of age ceremony
35
Diaspora –
The desperation of Jews beyond Israel
36
Holocaust –
roughly 12 million Jewish people being murdered within concentration camps during world war 2
37
Messiah –
a powerful, heaven-sent leader who is inaugurate of a new age and at the time the deceased who had followed gods’ laws would come back to life.
38
Sabbath –
The seventh day of the week in other words the Jewish holy day
39
Rabbi –
A religious teacher or Jewish minister.
40
Muhammed-
Believed to be the last prophet and the founder of Islam
41
Islam-
An Arabic monotheistic religion focused around the Quran
42
Allah-
The one and only god in Islam
43
Muslim-
People who follow the Islamic religion.
44
Mt. Hira-
The location where the prophet Muhammad received his revelation from Allah
45
Mecca-
The birthplace of Muhammad
46
Medina-
Translates to “city of the prophet”, could be considered the birthplace of Islam
47
Ishmael-
The first son of Abraham, considered a prophet in Islam.
48
Abraham-(Christinity)
A prophet and a messenger of God
49
Qur’an-
The holy text of Islam
50
Caliph-
Muhammad’s first successor, and the leader of the caliphate.
51
“Seal of the Prophet”-
A silver seal Muhammad had made the read “Muhammad the apostle of god”
52
Sunni-
taking its name from the translation of “tradition”, A division of Islam based on the entire body and teachings of Muhammad
53
Shi’ite-
Translating from “faction”, The division that follows Ali, the son-in-law and cousin of Mohammad
54
Mosque-
A Muslim place of worship
55
Ka’ba-
a building at the center of Islam’s most important mosque
56
Ramadan-
The ninth month of the Islamic calendar, involves fasting from sunup to sun down.
57
Ka’ba-
a building at the center of Islam’s most important mosque
58
Zakat-
A requirement for all Muslims to donate a portion of their wealth to charity.
59
Haj-
an annual Muslim pilgrimage to mecca.
60
Imam-
The person who leads prayer in a masque.
61
Abba –
Another word for “dad” used by Jesus when speaking with God.
62
Constantine –
The emperor of Rome who made Christianity the main religion of Rome.
63
Christ
– A title given to Jesus meaning the anointed one.
64
Sacraments -
Sometimes called ordinances, rituals thought to be active signs of god’s grace.
65
Confirmation
– A sacrament that involves the blessing of believers after baptism. In the orthodox church confirmation is administered with baptism.
66
Baptism-
A ritual of cleansing with water, essentially an initiation ritual. Originally used to accept converts from Judaism
67
Eucharist
- Also known as the lord’s supper, Early Christians particularly Paul’s converts would meet once a week and imitate Jesus’s last meal by eating bread and drinking wine.
68
Gospel-
Translates to “good news”, The gospels are account, written by later believers, of the life of Jesus.
69
Synoptic Gospel
- This includes Mathew, Mark, and Luke. Each of the three having similar stories within their telling of the gospel but not identical stories.
70
Matthew
- Wrote the gospel of Mathew prior to teaching the word of God he worked as a tax collector and is now known as the patron saint of tax collectors and accountants.
71
Mark
– Has the shortest of the 4 gospels therefore, it is believed his was written first. His gospel contains stories only about Jesus’s adult life.
72
Luke
- Said to have written the “women’s gospel” because of the many woman within the stories in the gospel. Wrote a gospel of mercy and compassion
73
John
- The “Stand-alone” gospel. The gospel suggests that human life is a struggle between the forces of light and dark.
74
Kingdom of God –
Jesuses vision of what society could be at its best, A society where people care about each other, the poor are looked after, violence and exploitation are abandoned, and religious rules do not overlook human needs.
75
Saul/Paul
- Originally Jewish born named Saul had a vision of Jesus asking why he was being prosecuted. He then changed his name to Paul and began to spread Christianity around the Mediterranean.
76
Q Source-
Also known as the quell source, found in Mathew and Luke because they had stories Mark didn’t as well as their own stories.
77
Pope-
The bishop of Rome and head of the Roman Catholic church.
78
Protestant Reformation/Martin Luther
- Protestant reformation is a religious reform movement that swept through Europe in the 1500s, Resulting in the creation in the Protestantism branch of Christianity. Started by Martin Luther nailing the 95 theses to the Vatican.
79
John Calvin
The founder of Calvinism believed that humans were drawn to evil almost irresistibly.
80
Catholic Reformation -
Also known as Counter-Reformation, It was a time period after the Protestant reformation due to the fact Roman Catholicism withstood the challenges faced as well as grew and changed in response to it.
81
Pentecost
- A holiday that takes place the 50th day after easter Sunday. It commemorates the descent of the holy spirit upon the apostles and other followers of Jesus.
82
Christianity
- A religion based on the life and teaching of Jesus of Nazareth.
83
Herod/Pilate
- Herod was the ruler of judea who ordered a massacre of the innocents at the time of Jesus’ birth. Pilate Was the Roman prefect who oversaw the trial of Jesus. He was also the one to crucify him.
84
Crucifixion-
A method of capitol punishment where someone is tied or nailed to a large wooden cross and left to hang until eventual death from exhaustion or asphyxiation.
85
Resurrection-
Three days after Jesus’ death, it is told he came back from the dead.
86
Parable-
A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson, as told by Jesus in the Gospels.
87
Law of Love
- One of the two great commandments, Love god and love your neighbor.
88
Beatitude
- A title given to patriarchs in the orthodox church meaning ‘Supreme blessedness’
89
Liturgical Year
– use examples – Often referred to as the year of grace and starts with the first Sunday of advent. Consists of holidays and Ordinary time. Christmas, Lent, and Pentecost are big parts of the cycle.
90
Cross
- A holy symbol within the catholic religion, symbolizing the Holy trinity.
91
Trinity
- The holy trinity is the father, son, and the holy spirit. Usually represented in the shape of a cross.
92
Orthodox Church-
A branch of Christianity that has members mainly from eastern Europe to eastern Africa.
93
Icon
- Another term for religious images.
