Religion, Peace and Conflict

Question 1

Conflict

Answer 1

Disagreement, including armed conflict or war

Question 2

Cause of war: Greed

Answer 2

Selfish desire (land/resources)

Question 3

Cause of war: Self-defence

Answer 3

To protect from harm

Question 4

Cause of war: Retaliation

Answer 4

Revenge response

Question 5

Consequences of war

Answer 5

Freedom or oppression, death, injury, homelessness, human rights abuse

Question 7

Justice (religious view)

Answer 7

Christianity: “God of justice”, Islam: Adl/Adalat—fighting for fairness

Question 8

Christianity & justice

Answer 8

God wants justice & freedom

Question 9

Islam & justice

Answer 9

Fight for common good

Question 10

Peace

Answer 10

Living in harmony

Question 11

Muslim Peace Fellowship

Answer 11

Islamic organisation campaigning for peace

Question 12

Mairead Corrigan

Answer 12

Founded Peace People, Nobel Peace Prize winner

Question 13

Reconciliation

Answer 13

Bringing opposing sides together for lasting peace

Question 14

Forgiveness in Christianity

Answer 14

“Forgive 77 times” – Jesus

Question 15

Forgiveness in Islam

Answer 15

“Those who pardon… rewarded by God” – Qur’an

Question 16

Eric Lomax

Answer 16

Forgave WWII guards

Question 17

Pacifism

Answer 17

Belief that war is always wrong – promote peace only

Question 18

Conscientious objector

Answer 18

Refuses to fight but may do medical or relief work

Question 19

Christian pacifism (Quakers)

Answer 19

Oppose all war

Question 20

Christianity – Just War

Answer 20

War may be moral if meets Just War criteria

Question 21

Islam – Lesser Jihad

Answer 21

Permitted military struggle for defence/justice

Question 22

Christian teachings against war

Answer 22

“Do not murder”, “Blessed are peacemakers”, Sanctity of life

Question 23

Christian Just War criteria

Answer 23

Last resort, just cause, legal authority, proportionality, winnable

Question 24

Islam: Greater Jihad

Answer 24

Spiritual struggle to follow Allah

Question 25

Islam: Lesser Jihad

Answer 25

Military struggle in defence of Islam

Question 26

Lesser Jihad conditions

Answer 26

No harm to civilians/nature

Question 27

Holy War

Answer 27

War for religion or faith

Question 28

Protest (religious views)

Answer 28

Peaceful = speeches, marches

Question 29

Christianity on protest

Answer 29

“Love your enemies”, peacemaking preferred

Question 30

Islam on protest

Answer 30

Prefer peaceful action

Question 31

Terrorism

Answer 31

Violent acts to cause fear & pressure governments

Question 32

Targets of terrorism

Answer 32

Civilians, public places, infrastructure

Question 33

Reasons for terrorism (claimed)

Answer 33

Fight for God, justice, against poverty

Question 34

Why religions oppose terrorism

Answer 34

Targets innocent, violates sanctity of life, wrongly linked to faith

Question 35

Christianity on terrorism

Answer 35

Violates Just War rules

Question 36

Islam on terrorism

Answer 36

Against Lesser Jihad rules

Question 37

WMD – examples

Answer 37

Biological, chemical, nuclear weapons

Question 38

Arguments for nuclear weapons

Answer 38

Deterrent, prevents war, can't be un-invented

Question 39

Arguments against nuclear weapons

Answer 39

Disproportionate, kill civilians, violate all faith teachings

Question 40

Does religion cause war? (Yes)

Answer 40

History: Crusades, Israel-Palestine

Question 41

Does religion cause war? (No)

Answer 41

Faiths promote peace, Just War/Lesser Jihad are last resorts