Renaissance Flashcards
(35 cards)
why did the renaissance start in italy?
- key trading location: - located on sea routes between europe and the east
- becomes middlemen for trade goods - Rome ruins: - italians surrounded by reminders of Rome (cities, roads, ect.)
- promotes development of an urban lifestyle - pope moves out: - french pope elected
- moves to avignon france
- gives italy some freedom over church control - peace between cities: - italian states sign treaty of lodi
- brings peace and stability
- allows cities to focus on growing wealth
what was the peace of Lodi?
Peace of Lodi, (April 9, 1454), treaty between Venice and Milan ending the war of succession to the Milanese duchy in favour of Francesco Sforza. It marked the beginning of a 40-year period of relative peace, during which power was balanced among the five states that dominated the Italian peninsula—Venice, Milan, Naples, Florence, and the Papal States.
what was avignon papacy?
Avignon papacy, Roman Catholic papacy during the period 1309–77, when the popes took up residence at Avignon, France, instead of at Rome, primarily because of the current political conditions.
what are the main renaissance cities?
venice, florence, and genoa
what were the location, government, social systems, and other facts about Venice?
location: - north-east italy
- on the water
- coast of the adriatic sea
- good for trade
- closer to the rest of europe
government: - republic
- head of government called the Doge
- rich people would vote, creating an oligarchy
- the rich people liked the government
social systems: - 3 social classes: aristocracy, original citizens, common people
- people have a clear sense of power/status
other: - scoules
- collected money to support the city for things like art buildings and charity
what were the location, government, social systems, and other facts about florence?
location: - river (Arno river)
- good for trade
- south of the alps
government: - ruled by rich Medici family
- this made it an oligarchy
- republic
social systems: - class system
other: - large city
what were the location, government, social systems, and other facts about genoa?
location: - located by Key sea and land trade routes
- key part for crusades
- controlled constantinople
government: - ruled by wealthy families focuses on business
- ruled later by dictator Doria
social systems: - controlled by wealthy families
- many merchants and traders
other: - university of genoa
- wealthy families pay for great art and architecture
- sea and land trade center which allowed them to trade ideas/culture
- powerful navy
who were the medici family?
A rich, powerful family who oversaw the rise of Florence as the intellectual and artistic capital of the Italian Renaissance.
what is an oligarchy?
- form of government
- small group of wealthy people with all the power
- dictatorshipish
what is humanism?
a system of thought that centers on humans and their worth concerned with the needs and welfare of humans
life on earth has value and can be improved
humans can do great things like science, art, architecture, literature
afterlife exists, but life on earth should be enjoyable too
how did the humanistic worldview originate?
europeans rediscover writings from greece and rome
writings suggest that life on earth has real value
europeans begin starting to rethink worldview and learning becomes important
why/how did the renaissance spread from italy?
- stability in the west: - black death breaks the feudal system, decreases power of nobility, and increases power of the king
- there is less internal conflict
- 100 years war ends and travel becomes safer - invasion of italy: - italy is invaded by western armies
- they take renaissance ideas back home
- kings and nobles pay to copy italian achievements
- compete with other kingdoms as to who can have the most sophisticated court - the printing press: - a movable type machine
- made knowledge accessible to everyone
- introduced the idea that machines could do humans jobs
- allowed writing to be mass produced quickly
what is gutenberg’s printing press?
- a movable type machine
- made knowledge accessible to everyone
- introduced the idea that machines could do humans jobs
- allowed writing to be mass produced quickly
what was renaissance philosophy like?
In philosophical terms, the renaissance represents a movement away from Christianity and medieval Scholasticism and towards Humanism, with an increasing focus on the temporal and personal over merely seeing this world as a gateway to the Christian afterlife.
what was renaissance art like?
inspired by roman and greek art - focus on realism and the human body
began to be less god related works like greek myths and individuals
developed new techniques with perspective, depth, and color
what was math used more commonly for in the renaissance?
The study of Mathematics in particular was disputed by many, because of its strong association with trade and commerce.
what was renaissance science?
returned to exploring the universe through logic and reason
beginnings of the scientific method
heliocentric solar system, medicine, mechanical clock
what was different about renaissance writing?
works were written in vernacular
language of the common people, not latin. this created new phrases spelling and grammar
what is capitalism?
basing worth and where you fall in society solely off of money
what is the middle class in the renaissance?
there was a more middle ground as opposed to being withering away without food or the king
how were families structured in the renaissance?
little changed from medieval times
men are the head of the family and manage money
women take care of the home and family and are second to men
children are basically just mini adults and are expected to work
what is protestant?
Protestantism is the religious tradition of Western Christianity that rejects the authority of the pope of Rome.
what was the protestant reformation?
- movement to reform the catholic church
- resulted to the formation of protestant religion
what criticisms of the catholic church led to the protestant reformation?
- corruption: - catholic church became focused on power and wealth
- they used money from collections to build extravagant churches, fund papal army, and fund the lifestyle of the upper clergy - too much control over christian teachings: - bible was only written and read in latin
- common people could not understand teachings
- they had to rely on clergy to interpret - too much control over government: - church would interfere in affairs of countries
- pope threatens leaders with excommunication (they would be kicked out of the church and were guaranteed damnation)
