Renaissance - Test Flashcards
(57 cards)
Why did the renaissance start in Italy?
Started looking at importance of man; Involvement in world/worldly/involvement in city-state; Wealth became important; There was a secular attitude; Began ettiquette (Aristocratic men)
What is humanism?
Belief that man had value; Interest in greek and roman values and teachings; Interest in the classics; Revolved around the idea that man has a great deal of value
What is Baldassarre Castiglione’s ‘Book of the Courtier’?
Book about man becoming more civilized; expressed the importance of manners and etiquette
What is civic humanism?
Community pride
What were the effects of new learning in the Italian renaissance?
Humanist began to open schools to teach liberal arts; Humanist were now writing about real people and human emotions; Humanists broke free of writing Latin because it is the language of the church
What were the social classes of the Italian renaissance?
- Merchants and bankers; 2. Shopkeepers/Artisans; 3. Migrated people from other countries that supported labor; 4. Peasants
What is urbanization?
rise of cites
What are independent city-states?
Ruled by wealthy families whose fortunes come from commercial trading or banking
What are Signori?
One version of signori is a dictator and another is a popular leader that comes to power through favor
What is the condottieri?
Mercenaries - Paid to fight; Replaced the citizen-soldiers;
Importance of city-state: Milan
Francesco Sforrza - Seized control of Milan; Took control through taxation; Signori
Importance of city-state: Naples
Very poor - poor population (mainly peasants) (mainly farming and rural)
Importance of city-state: Florence
Under the rule of the powerful banking family the Medici’s; The medics push humanism; Cosimo de’Medici - tried to end a peasant rising; Lorenzo “the magnificent” - Continued to act like his grandfather/brings philosophy; Girolamo Savonarola - Wanted to push out the Medici family/imposed strict rules/hung for heresy
Importance of city-state: The Papal States - Rome
Renaissance popes helped rebuild cities; Buildings drew people here - St. Peters Basilica and Vatican Library; Alexander the 6th - apart of the Borsia family, paid cardinals to become the pope; Leo X - owned the country estates; threw away silver silverware and plates after using them
Importance of city-state: Venice
City of trade/commerce; the link between Europe and Asia; Cathedral of St. Marks - Byzantine architecture; The ruling group is the Council of Ten who were wealthy merchants
What is a doge?
ruling duke
What is a palazzo?
Mansion/Palaces
Who was Dante Alighieri?
Transitional thinker; wrote the Divine Company
Who is Giovanni Boccaccio?
Wrote the Decameron
Who is Francisco Petrarch?
“The father of humanism”; First to designed to the middle ages; Brought back interest of Cicero
Who is Leonardo Bruni?
“Father of civic humanism”; Explained that we can work in isolation
Who is Lorenzo Valla?
Criticism of asceticism (def. denies themselves of world pleasures/strict lifestyles)
Who was Marsilio Ficino?
Synthesized platonism (greek influence) and Christianity
Who is Pico della Mirandola?
Stressed on mans potential and free will; On the Dignity of Man
