Renal Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is AKI Stage 1
Serum Creat 1.5-1.9x reference
what is AKI Stage 2
Serum Creat 2-2.9x reference
What is AKI stage 3
Serum Creat 3x or more reference
How do you remember stages of AKI
1 = 1.5-1.9x 2= 2x+ 3= 3x+
what drugs cause acute interstitial nephritis
No Sane Person Actually Firms imPeriaal NSAID Sulfa drugs Penicollin Allopurinol Furosemide PPI
what is an important cause of hyperchloraemic met acid in a postop pt
AGGRESSVE FLUID RESUS
what is kidney size usually like in CKD
SMALL
what CKD condititons cause larger kidneys
PKD
Diabetic nephropathy at early stages
amyloidosis
HIV associated nephropathy
what does ABG typically show in AKI, and why?
metabilic acidosis with hgh anion gap
due to raised urate
what do hyaline casts on microscopy indicate
metformin use
otherwise strenous exercise, illness
what are drug causes of diabetes insipiduas
lithium and demeclocycline
how do you treat rhabdomyolysis
rapid fluid rehydration
causes of nephrotic syndrome
Focal segmental
Membranous glomerulonephritis
Minimal change disease (in children)
causes of focal segmental glomerulonephritis
HIV / obesity
causes of membranous glomerulonephritis
SLE, drugs
how does AIN present on urine dip
sterile pyuria
white cell casts
explain what happens to calcium and phosphate in CKD
CKD means:
- no 1alpha hydroxylase > no vid D hydroxylation > low vit D > low calcium absorption
- lower phosphate excretion (as phosphate is normally excreted by kidneys)
The high serum phosphate drags calcium out of bone > osteomalacia
when do you need to insert a threeway catheter
if their bladder is distended (they can’t urinate)
and they have clots / haematuria
how do you treat IDA in CKD
treat Iron deficiency first
then start EPO stimulating agent
which type of kidney necrosis has brown casts
ATN
causes of ATN
rhabdomyolysis
post-pre renal AKI
