Renal Anatomy Flashcards
(28 cards)
Type of epithelium in Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Location in the kidney?
Simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium
Cortex
Hallmarks of Proximal convulted tubule
Lot of mitochondria
Brush border (lot of microvilli)
invaginations for increased surface area
Thin Loop of Henle epithelium
Location?
Simple squamous epithelium
Starts in medulla, ascends into cortex
Thick Loop of Henle epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Hallmarks of Loop of Henle?
No brush border
Distal Convoluted Tubule Epithelium
Location?
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Cortex only
HM Distal Convoluted Tubule
Smooth lumen, sparse microvilli, high number of nuclei
Taller cells than thick ascending LoH
Epithelium of Collecting Duct
Simple cuboidal, but becomes simple columnar
Cortex and Medulla
Light Cells (of the Collecting Duct)
Principle Cells
Target for aldosterone
Detect fluid
Dark Cells (of the Collecting Duct)
Intercalated cells
Used in H+ and Bicarb transportation
Stimulated by low blood volume
Where is the macula densa located?
Thick Ascending loop of Henle
Detects sodium levels/blood volume levels to stimulate or inhibit RAAS system
HM of Transitional Epithelium
Specialized Stratified Can become stretched Fusiform vesicles (to add to the plasma membrane and increase SA) Urothelial plaques
What later of transitional epithelium stretches and relax?
Superficial layer
What layer of the transitional epithelium slides with increased stretch?
Intermediate layer
What layer of transitional epithelium has stem cells?
Basal layer
What are the three layers of the Ureter?
Transitional Epithelium
Muscularis
Adventitia
What are the 3 parts to the muscularis portion of the ureter?
Inner Longitudinal
Outer Circular
Outer longitudinal
What are the parts of the female urethra?
Membranous urethra (3-5cm long)
What are the parts of the male urethra?
Prostatic urethra Membranous urethra Spongy urethra (penile)
~20cm long
What spinal levels are the kidneys located? Which kidney is lower?
T12- L3
Right kidney is lower due to the liver.
Where is the transpyloric plane?
Between sternum and iliac crest:
Cuts through the superior pole of the right kidney and the hilum of the left kidney.
From inside to outside, name the layers of Renal fat.
Kidney –> Perinephric fat –> Renal fascia –> paranephric fat
What vessels supply the superior part of the ureter?
Branches of Renal As.
Pathway of renal blood supply? (TO the glomerulus)
Renal A. Segmental A. Interlobar A. Arcuate A. Cortical Radiate A. Afferent arteriole Glomerulus
