Renal anatomy - Pathology Flashcards
horseshoe kidney is caused by the fusion of the
inferior poles (>90%)
cortex fusion in horseshoe kidney –>
separate renal drainage
when does horseshoe kidney develop
5-9th week gestation
where are the kidneys generally located in horseshoe kidney
below L4
what is ascension blocked by in horseshoe kidney
inferior mesenteric artery
tell me about the blood supply in horseshoe kidney
highly variable
clinical presentation of horseshoe kidney
asymptomatic MC
if symptomatic expect:
urinary obstruction
frequent infections
treatment for horseshoe kidney
generally no treatment required
complications of horseshoe kidney
increased risk of renal cell carcinoma
increased rate of ESRD, HTN, proteinuria, nephrolithiasis
high incidence of concomitant ureteral abnormalities
follow up for horseshoe kidney
renal US q 2 years
serum creatinine, UA, BP annually to quarterly
in horseshoe kidney, pts should receive prompt treatment of
UTIs (high suspicion of pyelonephritis)
ectopic ureter
a ureter that inserts anywhere other than the standard position in the TRIGONE
incontinence in males in ectopic ureter
incontinence never occurs in males
ectopic ureter is strongly associated with
duplex ureter
how does ectopic ureter most commonly present
persistent incontinence in females
may present as frequent UTI
