renal basics Flashcards
what does glomerular filtration produce
a protein free filtrate
the first step in forming urine is
glomerular filtration
how does renal blood flow enter the glomerular capillaries
starting in the afferent arterioles the RBF then enters the glomerular capillary and a portion of this blood will be filtered in the first part of the nephron
what is a corpuscle
a glomerulus and a Bowman’s capsule
what are examples of critical substances and what is important about them
examples of critical substances are sodium and water
they cannot be excreted without first being filtered
what occurs at the layer of the capillary endothelium
this layer acts as a barrier to the cell of the renal blood flow
what occurs at the layer of the basement membrane
this layer acts as a barrier to the proteins contained within plasma
what occurs at the layer of the the capillary epithelial cells
this layer again acts as a barrier to the protein components of plasma
but also contains podocytes cells, which creates slits which act as pathways where the filtrate is able to pass along to Bowman’s capsule within the corpuscle
which layer is the most significant in the renal corpuscle
the basement membrane
what is the average renal blood flow
about 1.25 Litters of blood per minute
what is the renal plasma flow, how is it calculated and what is typically amount
the amount of plasma delivered to the kidneys per unit of time
the equation for detriment this is RPF= (1-HCT)RBF
688 ml/ min is a typical amount
how much of the plasma is filters and becomes ultra filtrate in Bowman’s Capsule?
about 20% of plasma is filtered normally
what is HCT
Hematocrit
the ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood
renal vascular pathway 1-4
renal artery
interlobar artery
arcuate artery
interlobular artery
renal vascular pathway 5-8
afferent arteriole
glomerular capillary
efferent arteriole
peritubular capillary
renal vascular pathway full
renal artery interlober artery arcuate artery interlobular artery afferent arteriole glomerular capillary efferent arteriole peritubular capillary
function of the glomerular capillaries
filtration
function of the peritubular capillaries
reabsorption and secretion
what are vasa recta and what are their significance
vasa recta are specialized peritubular capillaries that function in osmotic exchange
what are the 3 capillary beds of the nephron and what do they do
they are the blood supply to the nephron
the 3 beds are the glomerulus, peritubular capillaries, and the vasa recta
what are the first 7 segments of the nephron
the glomerular capillary and Bowmans space (C) proximal convoluted tubule (C) proximal straight tubule (C/OM) thin descending limb Henle (OM) thin ascending limb Henle (OM) thick ascending limb Henle (OM/C) Marcela densa (C)
where does the macula densa occur
between the thick ascending tubal and the distal convolute tubule in the cortex
what are segments 8-12 of the nephron
distal convoluted tubule (C) connecting tubule (C) cortical collecting tubule (C) outer medullary collecting duct (OM) inner medullary collecting duct (IM)
where does the ultra filtrate originate
the renal corpuscle
