Renal Diagnostics

Question 0

If you suspect disease r/t SLE

Answer 0

ANA test

Question 1

Best est of overall kidney function

Answer 1

GFR

Question 2

If you suspect it’s r/t Wegnener’s granulomatosis

Answer 2

ANCA

Question 3

If suspect Goodpasture syndrome

Answer 3

Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody

Question 4

If suspect post-strep glomerulonephritis

Answer 4

Antistreptolysin O

Question 5

When to test PSA?

Answer 5

Before prostate exam, never after because exam can cause increase

Question 6

One of the first signs of kidney disease

Answer 6

Proteinuria

Question 7

RBC casts

Answer 7

Glomerulonephritis

Question 8

WBC casts

Answer 8

Pyelonephritis

Etc

Question 9

Epithelial cell casts

Answer 9

Acute tubular necrosis

Most common cause of renal disease

Question 10

Earliest sign of diabetic nephropathy

Answer 10

Microalbuminuria

Question 11

Urine eosinophils

Answer 11

Acute interstitial nephritis

Question 12

Best way to quantify protein in urine

Answer 12

24 hour urine collection

Question 13

> 3 grams proteinuria

Answer 13

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 14

<3 grams proteinuria

Answer 14

Nehpritic syndrome

Question 15

Initial diagnostic tool

Answer 15

Abdominal X-ray/ KUB

Question 16

Can’t see these on KUB

Answer 16

Radiolucent stones (uric acid)

Question 17

Staghorn calculi

Answer 17

Nephrolithiasis (stones)

Question 18

Flank pain, hematuria

Answer 18

May be kidney stones

Question 19

Test of choice to exclude urinary tract obstruction

Answer 19

Renal ultrasound

Question 20

Renal ultrasound can identify

Answer 20

Renal cysts (PCKD) and masses 
Hydronephrosis 

Etc

Question 21

Non-invasive test to eval for renal blood flow

Answer 21

Doppler ultrasound

Question 22

Hypodense mass with internal echoes on ultrasound

Answer 22

Acute pyelonephritis

Question 23

Diagnostic test of choice for Nephrolithiasis

Answer 23

Non-contrast CT

The contrast will hide stones
-can detect radiolucent stones

Question 24

CTA (angiography)

Answer 24

More detailed info, use if unable to get answers from Doppler ultrasound

Question 25

Triangular hypodense streaks on CT

Answer 25

Pyelonephritis

Question 26

Able to palpate kidneys during PE

Answer 26

Poly cystic kidney disease

Question 27

Excretionary function of kidneys measured with contrast and X-ray

Answer 27

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) - not used as often because better tests available

Question 28

Bladder cancer work up (if hematuria)

Answer 28

1) IVP 2) urine cytology 3) cytoscopy

Question 29

Terminal hematuria is a/w

Answer 29

BPH

Question 30

Used for pre-op mapping of renal vasculature

Answer 30

Renal angiography

Question 31

String of pearls on angiography

Answer 31

Fibromuscular dysplasia

Question 32

Used to detect vesicoureteral reflux

Answer 32

Cystourethrogram

Question 33

To asses bladder and urethral involvement in malignancies To eval urogynecologic conditions To dx intrinsic bladder disease

Answer 33

Cytoscopy

Question 34

Painless hematuria, smoker, no urine frequency or pain

Answer 34

Bladder cancer