Flashcards in Renal Emergencies Deck (13)
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1
what are renal emergencies?
- hyperkalemia
- volume overload
- metabolic acidosis
- uremia
- toxins
2
how does hyperkalemia predispose to cardiac arrhythmia?
resting potential becomes more positive (closer to threshold potential)
3
effects of hyperkalemia
- muscle weakness
- myocardial irritability
4
hyperkalemia causes
- factitious
- high intake
- intracellular shift
- intracellular release
- poor excretion
5
how much more calcium in CaCl2 vs Ca gluconate?
3x
6
who should receive calcium tx in hyperkalemia?
nearly all cases, unless hypercalcemic or on digoxin
7
when do you still give calcium for hyperkalemia treatment even if on digoxin?
loss of P waves or interventricular conduction delay (IVCD)
8
total body K+
~ 3500 meq
(only 50-60 meq in extracellular space)
9
where is most of the K+ in body stored?
muscle cells
10
hyperkalemia treatment: insulin
- onset
- duration
- 10 to 20 minutes
- ~ 4 hours
11
hyperkalemia treatment: insulin
- expected drop in K+
0.6 to 1 meq/L
12
hyperkalemia treatment: insulin
- major adverse effect
HYPOGLYCEMIA
(may occur in up to 75% of ESRD)
13
