Renal Pharma

Question 1

Which of the following drugs is a selective aldosterone receptor antagonist that has less hormonal side effects?
a. Captopril
b. Allopurinol
c. Spironolactone
d. Eplerenone

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What drug can treat a 7-year old with hypercalciuria?
a. Loop diuretics
b. Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors
c. Thiazide diuretics
d. Potassium sparing diuretics
e. Osmotic diuretics

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What is the consequence of taking loop diuretics?

Answer 3

Increased calcium secretion

Question 4

What is the best diuretic used for calcium oxalate kidney stone?
a. Furosemide
b. Amiloride
c. Mannitol
d. Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 4

D

Question 5

Which drug causes gynecomastia?
a. Furosemide
b. Spironolactone

Answer 5

B

Question 6

Which of the following drugs act on the early distal tubule?

Answer 6

Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 7

Which drug causes ototoxicity?
a. Furosemide
b. Spironolactone

Answer 7

A

Question 8

What is the mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics?

Answer 8

Block Na-Cl cotransporter

Question 9

Which drug can be administered along with loop diuretics to preserve potassium balance?

Answer 9

Amiloride

Question 10

Which drug can increase serum creatinine in hypertensive and diabetic patients?

Answer 10

Captopril

Question 11

What drug causes testicular atrophy?
a. Furosemide
b. Spironolactone

Answer 11

B

Question 12

By which mechanism does diuretics increase K secretion?

Answer 12

increase sodium delivery to distal segment of DT, stimulates the aldosterone
-sensitive sodium pump to increase sodium reabsorption in exchange for potassium and hydrogen ion

Question 13

What drug causes hyperkalemia?
a. Furosemide
b. Spironolactone

Answer 13

B

Question 14

What drug is an aldosterone antagonist?
a. Furosemide
b. Spironolactone

Answer 14

B

Question 15

Which drug is used to reduce the risk of kidney stone formation?

Answer 15

Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 16

What drug causes hyperglycemia?

Answer 16

Chlorothalidone

Question 17

What is the mechanism of action of spironolactone?

Answer 17

Steroid receptor blocker

Question 18

A patient taking diuretics that deplete K+. How would you diagnose him?

Answer 18

Low serum K+ levels

Question 19

What blocks the Na+K+Cl+ pump?

Answer 19

Ethacrynicacid

Question 20

Which drug can inhibit lactation, and thus should be avoided during breast feeding?

Answer 20

Thiazide

Question 21

A 50-year old woman has been diagnosed with renovascular hypertension. Treatment with an anti-hypertensive drug resulted in menstrual irregularities?
a. Furosemide
b. Amiloride
c. Captopril
d. Spironolactone

Answer 21

D

Question 22

What
drug causes interstitial nephritis as a hypersensitivity reaction?
a. NSAIDs
b. Acetaminophen
c. Methotrexate
d. Cyclosporine

Answer 22

A

Question 23

A Patient developed acute renal failure after using captopril. What is the underlying abnormality that leads to this?

Answer 23

bilateral renal artery stenosis

Question 24

What drug causes acute renal failure by preglomerular vasoconstriction?
a. Cyclosporin
b. simvastatin
c. Acyclovir
d. NSAIDS

Answer 24

A

Question 25

Which of the following drugs cause renal stones/crystals formation? a. Statins b. NSAIDs c. Acetaminophen d. Acyclovir

Answer 25

D

Question 26

What is the primary mechanism by which non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs cause acute renal failure? a. Deposition of crystals in urine b. Microvascular angiopathy c. Toxic metabolites d. Increased intraglomerular resistance

Answer 26

D

Question 27

What Induces nephrotoxicity by altering intraglomerular dynamics and reduces perfusion a. Cyclosporin b. Simvastatin c. Acyclovir d. NSAIDS

Answer 27

D

Question 28

A 56-year old male started to take captopril for the treatment of hypertension, but he suddenly developed acute renal failure. Which of the following is a contributing factor? a. Bilateral renal artery stenosis b. Decreased GFR

Answer 28

A

Question 29

What is reabsorbed in the PT, so that its concentration increases in the cortex, hence causing ATN?

Answer 29

Aminoglycosides

Question 30

What drug causes rhabdomyolysis when administered in combination with Cytochrome 450 inhibitors? a. Cyclosporin b. Simvastatin c. Acyclovir d. NSAIDS

Answer 30

B

Question 31

What is the mechanism of acetaminophen toxicity?

Answer 31

Depletion of glutathione

Question 32

Which drug causes hypersensitivity reaction leading to acute tubular necrosis? a. Cyclosporin b. Simvastatin c. Acyclovir d. NSAIDS

Answer 32

D

Question 33

What is associated with drug hypersensitivity? a. Acute Tubulointerstitial nephritis b. AcutePyelonephritis c. Chronic Pyelonephritis d. Chronic Tubulointerstitial Nephritis

Answer 33

A

Question 34

Which of the following drugs can cause acute tubular necrosis along with hepatic failure? a. Gentamycin b. Cisplatin c. Acetaminophen d. Radiocontrast media

Answer 34

C

Question 35

A patient developed lower limb edema and ascites; there was no pulmonary edema or heart gallop. What would be the first step to manage him? a. Administer furosemide to reduce fluid overload b. Biopsy his kidney c. Tap his ascites

Answer 35

A

Question 36

How can amino glycosides damage the kidneys?

Answer 36

Acute tubular necrosis