renal problem 2 Flashcards
1
Q
describe crescents
A
- a non-specific response to injury of the capillary wall
- physical gaps appear in the filtration barrier
- ‘rents’ allow circulating cells to generate inflammatory response, occurs in bowmans space -> proliferation of cells and fibrosis
more the crescents the more the injury
2
Q
characteristics of rapidly progressive GN
A
crescents
- deteriorating renal function
- related to antibody targeted at membrane
3
Q
hypertension therapy
A
- weight loss
- salt restriction
- exercise
4
Q
describe resistant hypertension
A
- despite optimal dose of 3 complimentary drugs (one which is a diuretic)
still has high BP
5
Q
causes of resistant HT
A
- suboptimal therapy (diuretic, dose, complimentary)
- non-compliance
- competing drug
- white coat HT
- secondary HT
6
Q
types of UTI and the different symptoms
A
cystitis - an infection of the bladder
pyelonephritis - an infection of the upper urinary tract
-more systemic symptoms e.g. fever, loin pain
7
Q
treatment of UTI
A
antibiotics
- cystitis = 3-5 days oral
- pyelonephritis 7-10 days
8
Q
describe clinical symptoms of nephrotic syndrome
A
- massive proteinuria
- hypoalbuminaemia
- oedema
9
Q
describe clinical symptoms of nephritic syndrome
A
- haematuria (micro or macro)
- proteinuria
- hypertension
oedema
10
Q
describe rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
A
deteriorating renal function with crescents on renal biopsy
