Renal System Flashcards
(14 cards)
The two kidneys lie on the………
[posterior] wall of the abdomen, [outside] the peritoneal cavity.
Each kidney of the adult human weighs about __________ and is about the size of a ___________.
150 grams
clenched fist
The [ medial side ] of each kidney contains an indented region called the ________through which pass the renal artery and vein, lymphatics, nerve supply, and ureter.
hilum
_________ carries the final urine from the kidney to the bladder, where it is stored until emptied.
Ureters
The kidney is surrounded by a tough, _____________ that protects its delicate inner structures
fibrous capsule
If the kidney is bisected from top to bottom, the two major regions that can be visualized are the outer ________ and the inner region referred to as the ________.
cortex
medulla
The medulla is divided into multiple ___________ masses of tissue called renal ___________.
cone-shaped
pyramids
The outer border of the pelvis is divided into open-ended pouches called ____________that extend downward and divide into ____________, which collect urine from the tubules of each papilla.
major calyces
minor calyces
The walls of the calyces, pelvis, and ureter contain _________________ that propel the urine toward the bladder, where urine is stored until it is emptied by micturition.
contractile elements
Blood flow to the two kidneys is normally about _________of the cardiac output, or _______
ml/min.
22 %
1100
ml/min.
The renal circulation is unique in that it has two capillary beds:
1) Theglomerular.
2) Peritubular capillaries.
The glomerular.
Peritubular capillaries.
Which are arranged in series
and separated by the [efferent] arterioles, which help regulate the ___________ in [both] sets of
[capillaries].
hydrostatic pressure
High hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries (__________) causes [rapid fluid filtration].
60 mmHg
whereas a much lower hydrostatic pressure in the peritubular capillaries (_________) permits [ rapid fluid reabsorption ] .
13 mm Hg
