Repro drugs Flashcards
(25 cards)
1
Q
Drug examples
A
- oxytocin
- prostaglandin
- GnRH
- hCG
- progesterone
2
Q
Oxytocin - drug action
A
- initiates strong, regular and purposeful contractions of the uterine muscles in late stages of pregnancy and post-partum
- also evokes milk let-down
3
Q
Oxytocin - indication for use
A
- stimulation of uterine contraction to facilitate parturition in the presence of a fully dilated cervix
- promotes involution of the post-parturient uterus, therefore aiding passage of retained placenta
- aids control of post-partum haemorrhage
- promotes milk let down in cases of agalactia and to facilitate stripping
4
Q
Oxytocin - route of administration
A
- IV or IM
5
Q
Oxytocin - contraindications
A
- when used to aid parturition, cervical dilation must be confirmed prior to administration to prevent risk of foetal death and possible uterine rupture
- contraindicated in any form of obstructive dystocia
- excessive doses can delay parturition by producing uncoordinated uterine contractions
- pregnant or lactating women should avoid handling the product
- avoid accidental self-injection
6
Q
Prostaglandin - example
A
- Dinoprost
7
Q
Prostaglandin - drug action
A
- lyse CL
8
Q
Prostaglandin - indication for use
A
- control timing of oestrus in cycling mares
- mares treated during dioestrus will normally return to oestrus within 2-4d and ovulate 8-10d after tx
- treat mares with a functional CL but aren’t expressing behavioural oestrus
- inducing abortion up to d35 (in practice can be later, but she won’t get back into foal as the endometrial cups will still be present)
- can be good for mares retaining fluid post-breeding
9
Q
Prostaglandin - route of administration
A
- IV or IM
10
Q
Prostaglandin - contraindications
A
- women of child-bearing age, asthmatics and people with bronchial or respiratory problems should avoid contact with or wear disposable plastic gloves when administering the product
- not to be used in horses intended for slaughter for human consumption
- transient colic-like signs (dose dependent) due to smooth muscle contraction
11
Q
GnRH - example
A
- buserelin
- deslorelin (drug of choice in UK)
12
Q
GnRH - drug action
A
- causes an LH surge -> ovulation
13
Q
GnRH - indication for use
A
- to induce ovulation of a mature follicle (30mm+) and thereby synchronise ovulation more closely with mating in mares
- initiates ovulation 36-42h after administration
14
Q
GnRH - routine of administration
A
- IM
15
Q
GnRH - contraindications
A
- pregnant women shouldn’t administer the product
16
Q
hCG - example
A
- Chorulon
17
Q
hCG - drug action
A
- induces ovulation
18
Q
hCG - indications for use
A
- induction of ovulation 24h before AI or mating
19
Q
hCG - route of administration
A
- IM or IV
20
Q
Progesterone - example
A
- Regumate (active ingredient Altrenogest)
21
Q
Progesterone - drug action
A
- stops LH release, surge after withdrawal
22
Q
Progesterone - indication for use
A
- in mares with significant follicular activity during the transitional period between seasonal anoestrus and the breeding season (follicles at least 20-25mm present at the beginning of tx)
- suppression/prevention of oestrus (after ~1-3d of tx) during prolonged oestrus
- controlling the time of initiation of oestrus (signs of oestrus within 5d of end of tx) and synchronisation of ovulation (ovulation between days 11-14 following end of tx)
- can be used on pregnant mares to supplement progesterone levels to maintain pregnancy in the early stages, before the placenta takes over progesterone production (~d120). Test these mares before putting them on progesterone
- can be used later in pregnancy for placentitis.
23
Q
Progesterone - route of administration
A
- oral
24
Q
Progesterone - contraindications
A
- don’t use in mares where uterine infection has been diagnosed
- pregnant women should not handle
- direct contact with skin should be avoided.
- once started for pregnancy maintenance need to wean off it
- banned under BHA, only use for mares in FEI
25
Progesterone - withdrawal
- meat & offal: 5d
