Reproduction

Question 1

sexual reproduction:

Answer 1

• male and female gametes are needed
• offspring arent identical to parents
• fertilisation involved
• small number of offspring

Question 2

asexual reproduction

Answer 2

• only one individual neeeded
• offspring have the same genes as the parent (identical)
• fertilisation isnt involved
• large number of offspring

Question 3

haploid cells

Answer 3

contain half the amount of DNA

Question 4

diploid cells

Answer 4

contain full set of genetic instructions

Question 5

egg

Answer 5

• only a few produced
• unable to move
• contain large food store

Question 6

sperm

Answer 6

• specially strengthened head
• small and streamlined
• contains enzymes to break through things
• millions produced
• swim with a tail

Question 7

womb

Answer 7

where the baby grows

Question 8

ovary

Answer 8

produces eggs

Question 9

oviduct

Answer 9

where the egg is fertilised

Question 10

cervix

Answer 10

neck of the womb

Question 11

testes

Answer 11

produce sperm

Question 12

glands

Answer 12

make liquid for sperm to swim in

Question 13

erectile tissue

Answer 13

makes the penis hard

Question 14

ovulation

Answer 14

the release of an egg from the ovary. It happens every 28 days

Question 15

ejaculation

Answer 15

the ejection of sperm through the penis. Millions of sperm are produced

Question 16

fertilisation

Answer 16

when the egg and the sperm nuclei meet. It results in the formation of a zygote

Question 17

implantation

Answer 17

the embryo sinks into the uterus lining

Question 18

what happens next

Answer 18

• once the sperm fertilises the egg the egg formed is called a zygote
• the zygote copies itself lots of times and forms an embryo. The embryo embeds itself into the uterus
• the embryo grows into a foetus

Question 19

amnion

Answer 19

surrounds the foetus forming a sac a like structure

Question 20

amniotic fluid

Answer 20

protects the developing foetus

Question 21

placenta

Answer 21

passes food and oxygen from the mothers blood into the blood of the foetus. Carbon and waste products pass from the blood of the foetus to the mother’s blood

Question 22

testes produce

Answer 22

testosterone

Question 23

ovaries produce

Answer 23

oestrogen

Question 24

name three changes that happen during puberty in men

Answer 24

• voice gets deeper
• penis gets larger
• testes produce sperm

Question 25

name three changes that happen during puberty in women

Answer 25

- breasts develop - menstruation begins - ovaries start to release eggs

Question 26

menstruation cycle

Answer 26

days 1 - 5: The lining of the uterus breaks down( if no fertilisation has occured ) and blood comes out of the vagina days 5 -10: The uterus develops into a thick layer of blood vessels 11 - 16: an egg is released from the ovary. This is called ovulation. Fertilisation can occur 16 - 30: the womb lining stays thick for 14 days

Question 27

flower

Answer 27

contains male and female sex organs

Question 28

leaf

Answer 28

contain chloroplasts. It is where food is made by photosynthesis

Question 29

stem

Answer 29

provides support and transport system for water and minerals

Question 30

roots

Answer 30

anchor the plant to the ground and absorb water and minerals from the soil

Question 31

stamen

Answer 31

male reproductive part

Question 32

anther

Answer 32

pollen grain grows here

Question 33

filament

Answer 33

holds the anther in the air

Question 34

carpel

Answer 34

female reproductive part

Question 35

stigma

Answer 35

becomes sticky during pollination. Pollen sticks there

Question 36

style

Answer 36

holds the stigma in the air to collect pollen

Question 37

ovary

Answer 37

where ovules grow

Question 38

ovules

Answer 38

contain the female sex cell

Question 39

egg

Answer 39

female sex cell

Question 40

sepal

Answer 40

protects the flower before it blossoms

Question 41

petal

Answer 41

attracts insects

Question 42

pollination

Answer 42

the transfer of pollen

Question 43

describe pollination and fertilisation

Answer 43

- a bee reaches to a flower to feed on pollen - pollen rubs of into the bee - the bee enters the next flower - pollen sticks to the stigma - the pollen grows a pollen tube, which begins to grow - the end of the pollen tube opens and its nucleus moves down it. It eventually fuses with the nucleus of the egg to form a zygote

Question 44

after fertilisation

Answer 44

the egg becomes the embryonic plant, the ovule becomes the seed and the ovary swells and becomes the fruit