REPRODUCTION

Question 1

Animal Life Cycle (AGZEY) (GFEOM)

Answer 1

1. Adult > Gametes > Zygote > Embryo > Young
2. Gametogenesis > Fertilization > Embryogenesis > Organogenesis > Maturation

Question 2

Is a feature in some organisms that involves a rapid
change from an immature larvae and juvenile to a sexually mature adult.

Answer 2

Metamorphosis

Question 3

is characterized by distinct larval and pupal stages. (HPH)
● The larval stage does not resemble the adult individual.
● The larval stages also undergo several molting stages.
● The pupa stage is a period when drastic changes occur.

Answer 3

(holometabolous)

Question 4

is characterized by an aquatic juvenile stage. (HPH)
● The larval stage somehow resembles the adult stage.
● The larval stages also undergo several molting stages.
● The pupa stage does not exist in the individual’s life cycle.

Answer 4

(hemimetabolous)

Question 5

is characterized by a terrestrial juvenile stage. (HPH)
● The larval stage somehow resembles the adult stage.
● The larval stages also undergo several molting stages.
● The pupa stage does not exist in the individual’s life cycle.

Answer 5

(paurometabolous)

Question 6

this Asexual Reproduction involves the splitting of the parent individual into two approximately equal halves.

Answer 6

Fission

Question 7

this Asexual Reproduction involves breaking body parts into fragments. Thereafter, each fragment will regenerate into fully
functional individuals.

Answer 7

Fragmentation

Question 8

this Asexual Reproduction involves an outgrowth or bud forming in the body of an adult. Eventually, it will detach to develop as a
complete individual.

Answer 8

Budding

Question 9

this Asexual Reproduction involves the development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg.

Answer 9

Parthenogenesis

Question 10

● Requires two parents from each of the two sexes
● Relies highly on the efficiency of gametogenesis
●Requires fusion of the egg cell and the sperm cell
● Enhances genetic variation in biological populations

Answer 10

Sexual Reproduction

Question 11

● Usually involves the release of gametes into the surroundings
● The developing embryos are usually nourish externally or may
immediately land on a substrate
● Common in aquatic organisms such as fishes and corals

Answer 11

External Fertilization

Question 12

● Sperm cells are usually deposited into the female reproductive tract
● The young may be nourished in the female’s body or eggs are laid after fertilization
● Common among higher animals such as birds, reptiles and mammals

Answer 12

Internal Fertilization

Question 13

Eggs are laid and the embryo obtain its nourishment from the
stored yolk nutrients.

Answer 13

Oviparous

Question 14

Embryos are nourished in eggs, which remain in the parent’s body until they hatch.

Answer 14

Ovoviviparous

Question 15

Embryos are nourished by the placenta until the mother gives birth to live young.

Answer 15

Viviparous

Question 16

the zygote undergoes repeated cell division and cell reorganization.

Answer 16

Embryogenesis

Question 17

refers to the rapid cell divisions that the zygote undergoes.

Answer 17

Cleavage

Question 18

Continuous division forms the solid ball of cells called _____.

Answer 18

Morula

Question 19

The cells are then organized into a hollow ball of cells called _____.

Answer 19

Blastula

Question 20

involves extensive cell migration and rearrangement, which forms the three embryonic germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Answer 20

Gastrulation

Question 21

is marked by the neurulation or the formation of the neural tube
through the folding of the ectodermal neural plate.

Answer 21

Organogenesis

Question 22

INNER
● Lung
● Thyroid
● Digestive

Answer 22

Endoderm

Question 23

MIDDLE
● Muscle
● Cells

Answer 23

Mesoderm

Question 24

OUTER
● Skin
● Neurons
● Pigment

Answer 24

Ectoderm