DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Question 1

is the process of taking in food usually at the point where the
gastrointestinal tract begins.

Answer 1

Ingestion

Question 2

is the process of breaking down the ingested food into smaller molecules for an efficient absorption of nutrients.

Answer 2

Digestion

Question 3

takes place as digestive organs synthesize and release enzymes that will facilitate the chemical digestion.

Answer 3

Secretion

Question 4

takes place as the ingested food is completely digested for transport to other tissues of the body.

Answer 4

Absorption

Question 5

● Involves the physical breakdown of food molecules
● Increases the surface area of food available for digestion
● Mechanisms involve chewing, biting, and churning

Answer 5

Mechanical Digestion

Question 6

● Involves the chemical breakdown of food molecules
● Utilizes enzymes that are specific for food molecules
● Makes the process of absorption more efficient

Answer 6

Chemical Digestion

Question 7

is a site for both mechanical and chemical digestion.

Answer 7

Mouth

Question 8

is a muscular organ for tactility and gustation

Answer 8

Tongue

Question 9

physically break down the food. Humans have 32 of these

Answer 9

Teeth

Question 10

is the tube that connects the mouth and esophagus.

Answer 10

Pharynx

Question 11

● the upper portion, is the passageway for air.
● the middle tube, is a food and air passage.
● the lowest tube, is the passageway for food.

Answer 11

Naso, Oro, Laryngopharynx,

Question 12

is a flap of tissue found in the throat behind tongue.

Answer 12

Epiglottis

Question 13

is a long tube that connects mouth with stomach.

Answer 13

Esophagus

Question 14

in the esophagus prevent food backflow.

Answer 14

Sphincters

Question 15

is a hollow, curved, muscular organ. It serves as a site for both the storage and digestion of food. It has rugae, which allows stretching to accommodate food.It consists of the cardia, fundus, and pylorus, respectively.

Answer 15

Stomach

Question 16

Digests complex carbohydrates into smaller disaccharides

Answer 16

Gastric Amylase

Question 17

Initiates the digestion of dietary fats into smaller fatty acid chains

Answer 17

Gastric Lipase

Question 18

Helps kill the bacterials cells present in food and activates the pepsinogen

Answer 18

Hydrochloric Acid

Question 19

Acts as a protease by initiating protein digestion

Answer 19

Pepsin

Question 20

20 foot-long ___ is the site of most chemical digestion

Answer 20

small intestine

Question 21

Digests maltose into monosaccharides (two glucose molecules)

Answer 21

Maltase

Question 22

Digests lactose into monosaccharides (glucose and galactose molecules)

Answer 22

Lactase

Question 23

Digests sucrose into monosaccharides (glucose and fructose molecules)

Answer 23

Maltase

Question 24

Digests peptides chains into their constituent amino acids

Answer 24

Peptidase

Question 25

Digests nucleotides into component phosphates, sugars, and bases

Answer 25

Nucleosidase

Question 26

3 foot-long or colon has little to no digestive function. is the site of absorption of vitamins and water.

Answer 26

large intestine

Question 27

is the storage site for feces before defecation

Answer 27

Rectum

Question 28

are not part of the GI tract but they produce digestive enzymes.

Answer 28

Accessory organs

Question 29

secrete saliva that can lubricate and moisten the food.

Answer 29

Salivary Glands

Question 30

contains amylase that initiates the carbohydrate digestion in mouth.

Answer 30

Saliva

Question 31

consists of hepatocytes responsible for the synthesis of bile.

Answer 31

liver

Question 32

is attached to the liver which stores bile and regulate its secretion.

Answer 32

gallbladder

Question 33

releases the pancreatic juice with amylase, trypsin, and lipase

Answer 33

Pancreas

Question 34

Responsible for fat emulsification

Answer 34

Bile

Question 35

Responsible for starch digestion

Answer 35

Amylase

Question 36

Responsible for protein digestion

Answer 36

Trypsin

Question 37

Responsible for lipid digestion

Answer 37

Lipase

Question 38

Performs nucleic acid digestion

Answer 38

Nuclease