reproduction Flashcards
(18 cards)
what are two human specialised cells involved in reproduction?
sperm and egg cell
where is the female specialised cell in reproduction made?
ovaries
where is the male specialised cell in reproduction made?
testes
why does sexual reproduction have variation in offspring?
mother and father cells fertilise to make gametes with half DNA from each
what are gametes?
sex cells with individual chromosomes
what is fertilisation?
egg cell and sperm cell fuse together to form a fertilised egg
what is an example of an egg cell in flowering plants?
pollen
where does asexual reproduction take place? (3)
bacteria
plants
some animals
why is there no genetical variation in offspring?
offspring are clones as there is only one set of genetic info
what are the disadvantages to sexual reproduction? (2)
it takes longer than asexual
lots of energy needed to find mates
what are the advantages of sexual reproduction? (2)
variation increases chance of surviving change in environment
over time there are many offspring so higher chance of survival
what are advantages of asexual reproduction? (4)
only needs one parent
less energy than sexual
lots of offspring
less time
what are disadvantages of asexual reproduction? (3)
no variation in offspring
only suitable for one habitat
can’t adapt to change
what reproduction is meiosis?
sexual
what does sexual reproduction involve?
gametes
what is meiosis?
type of cell division that produces cells with half the number of chromosomes (haploid)
what are the stages of meiosis? (3)
DNA replication
first cell division
second cell division- arms of chromosomes pulled apart
what are two similarities of mitosis and meiosis?
DNA replication
increase of mitochondria
