Reproduction Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is sexual reproduction ?
Where genetic information from two organisms is combined to produce offspring which
are genetically different to either parent
What happenes in sexual reproduction ?
The mother and father produce gametes by meiosis
How many chromosomes do gametes have ?
23 chromosomes - half the number of chromosomes in a normal cell
How does a gamete make a cell with a full number of chromosomes?
The egg and the sperm cell then fuse together to form a cell with the full number of chromosomes
What does sexual reproduction involve ?
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gamete’s. Because there are two
parents, the off spring contains a mixture of their parents’ DNA
What does a mixture of information produce ?
A variation in offspring
What does asexual reproduction produce ?
Genetically identical cells
What is asexual production ?
There’s only one parent so the offspring are genetically identical to that parent
What does asexual reproduction happen by ?
Mitosis - an ordinary cell makes a beer cell by dividing in two
How is the cell produced by asexual reproduction a clone ?
The new cell has exactly the same genetic information as the parent cell
What happens in asexual reproduction ?
In asexual reproduction there’s only one parent. There’s no fusion of gametes, no mixing of chromosomes and no genetic variation between parent and offspring. The offspring are genetically identical to the parent - they’re clones
What other things reproduce asexually ?
Bacteria , some
plants and some animals
