Reproduction

Question 1

Gametes =

Answer 1

Tests and ovaries

Question 2

Gameotogenesis

Answer 2

Process by which sperm or ova are produced

Question 3

Testes development

Answer 3

From gonadal ridge

Descend through inguunal canal

Question 4

Leydig cells

Answer 4

Lie within the intersitium between seminiferous tubules

Question 5

Spermatogonia

Answer 5

Undifferentiated germ cells containing diploid competent if 23 pairs of chromosomes

Question 6

Spermatozoa

Answer 6

Fully differentiated sperm cells containing anrandom haploid set of chromosomes

Question 7

3 steps to spermatogonia

Answer 7

Mitotic proliferation

Meiosis

Packaging

Question 8

Sertoli cells

Answer 8

1) protect sperm cells
2) feed sperm cells
3) remove unwanted material
4) secrete seminiferous tubule fluid
5) ABP secretion
6) endocrine feedback regulation inhibin

Question 9

Epididymis

Answer 9

Prior to arriving to the epididymis soermnsre on motile and infertile

Concentates sperm through reabsorption of seminiferous fluid also protects spermnwith defending

Question 10

Onset of capacitation

Answer 10

Sperm obtain the ability to fertilize the egg and become some what mobile in the epididymis

Question 11

Ductus deferens or vas deferens

Answer 11

Storage site can be days in length

Question 12

Seminal vesicle empties into ___

Prostate __

Bulbourethral gland

Answer 12

Ejaculatoty duct

Alkanline fluid clogging and enzymes

Mucus like substance

Question 13

The make sexual act

Answer 13

Excitement

Plateau

Orgasmic

Resolution phase

Question 14

Oogenesis

Answer 14

All available gametes are usually produced by the fifth month of gestation

2 million primary oocytes survive

Meiotic division begins just before birth but it’s Not completed

Maintained in a state of meiotic arrest until puberty

Question 15

All primary oocytes are surround by a single cell layer known as

Answer 15

Zona pellucida

Question 16

The primary follicle encompasses the ___

Answer 16

Primary oocytes
Single layer of granulosa
Thecal cells

Separated by the basement membrane

Question 17

Three phases of ovarian cycle

Answer 17

Follicular phase

Ovulation phase

Luteal phase - prepreation of the corpus luteum

Question 18

Ovulation is controlled by

Answer 18

LH and FSH

Question 19

Fertilization means the corpus luteum

No fertilization means the corpus luteum becomes

Answer 19

Continues to geow

Becomes the corpus albincans

Question 20

Acrosomal reaction

Answer 20

Enzymes allow the sperm to drill through the corona radiata and the zona pellucida

Question 21

Fertillin on the sperm membrane binds to ___ on the oocytes surface

Answer 21

Integrin

Question 22

Acrosomal reaction induces a change in the oocytes membrane which blocks…

Answer 22

Polyspermy

Question 23

On entry into the cell the sperm release ___ which induces a release of stored ___ and this is believed to initiate the final meiotic division in the oocyte

Answer 23

NO

Ca

Question 24

Twins

Answer 24

Occur in about 1:80-90 pregnancies

Dizygotic or ferternal twins are the result of fertilization of two oocytes

Monozygotic or maternal twins are the result of the early embryo dividing in two

Question 25

After about the third day of fertilization approximately 32 cells are called the

Answer 25

Morula

Question 26

The inner cell mass develop into the

Answer 26

Embryo

Question 27

___ supports the cells dividing at the pole during intrauterine life

Answer 27

Blastocyst

Question 28

Formation of the placenta

Answer 28

12 days the enbryo is completely embedded and the trophoblast is 2 cell layers thick = chorion Chorionic villi project into the endometrial spaces filled with maternal blood Villi contain embryonic capillaries Interlocking maternal and fetal tissue = placenta

Question 29

Placental hormones

Answer 29

Human chorionic gonadotropin - produced by the blastocyst to preserve the corpus luteum - progesterone will inhibit LH release Human placental lactogen - involved with mammary glands development also involved with regulating maternal metabolism