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Vet assistant study > Reproduction and Aging > Flashcards

Reproduction and Aging Flashcards

(109 cards)

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1
Q

The age or time when the reproductive organs become functional and reproduction may occur

A

Puberty

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2
Q

The release of an egg cell from a follicle to the uterine tubes, where it can be fertilized; once this has occurred, a female can become pregnant

A

Ovulation

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3
Q

The period of development from the time of fertilization until birth

A

Gestation

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4
Q

The process of birth

A

Parturition

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5
Q

A sac of skin on the outside of a male’s body which holds the testes

A

Scrotum

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6
Q

The male gonads, or reproductive glands

A

Testes

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7
Q

An organ of the male reproductive system on the surface of the testes that store sperm while they mature

A

Epididymis

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8
Q

A tube that extends from the end of the epididymis to the eurethra, through which sperm are transported during ejaculation

A

Ductus deferens

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9
Q

The act of mating; also called mounting or copulation

A

Coitus

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10
Q

The fluid released during ejaculation

A

Semen

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11
Q

A temporary storage place for sperm in the male reproductive system

A

Ampula/ampullae

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12
Q

A hormone that stimulates female uterine contractions to help move semen to the uterus

A

Prostaglandin

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13
Q

Substances secreted by various glands in the body which control almost all phases of the reproduction in mammals

A

Hormones

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14
Q

The production of sperm

A

Spermatogenesis

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15
Q

1 of 2 hormones that act on the testes to stimulate production of sperm

A

Follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH)

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16
Q

Called interstitial cell stimulating hormone in males; one of the 2 hormones that act on the testes to stimulate the production of sperm

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

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17
Q

A hormone responsible for the production of male secondary sex characteristics; also necessary for sperm production

A

Testosterone

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18
Q

The 1st step in the ejaculatory process, in which blood rushes to the penis and fills caverns within it; causing it to become firm or erect

A

erection

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19
Q

An underdeveloped egg cell

A

Oocyte

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20
Q

A hormone important to reproduction; it’s responsible for giving females their secondary sex characteristics and helps regulate the estrous cycle

A

Estrogen

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21
Q

Structures that connect each ovary to the uterus; also known as oviducts or fallopian tubes

A

Uterine tubes

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22
Q

Finger like projections from the uterine tubes that help catch the ova as they’re released from the overy during

A

Fimbria

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23
Q

A strong muscular organ design to receive a fertilized ovum; it protects and supports the development of a fetus, and aids during the initial stages of birth

A

Uterus

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24
Q

The innermost layer of the uterus

A

Endometrium

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25
An attachment formed from the endometrium to the uterus, which supports a fetus' need to develop normally
Placenta
26
A muscular structure in the female reproductive system that is the copulatory organ; it also acts as the passage way for a fetus during birth
Vagina
27
A structure in the female reproductive system that connects the vagina to the uterus
Cervix
28
Germ cells in an embryo that develop into either ova or sperm depending on whether the embryo becomes male or female
Gametes
29
The process by which gametes develop into oocytes; the process is completed before or shortly after birth, resulting in a female being born with her full supplied of oocytes
Oogenesis
30
A structure that develops in the follicle during ovulation producing progesterone which is necessary to maintain pregnancy
Corpus luteum
31
The definite physiologic functional rhythm of the reproductive system, which occurs in all females after puberty; commonly known as the heat cycle
Estrous cycle
32
Animals that have one estrous cycle a year; these are usually wild animals
Monestrous
33
Animals that have frequent estrous cycles throughout the year; cows, sows, and mares are examples
Polyestrous
34
Animals that have periodic estrous cycles during certain times of the year only; sheep or an example
Seasonal polyestrous
35
The 1st phase of the estrous cycle, in which the reproductive tract is preparing for bleeding
Proestrous
36
The 2nd phase of the estrus cycle, in which the female displays sexual desire and acceptance of the male; ovulation occurs during this phase
Estrus
37
Also known as diestrus; the third phase of the estrous cycle, in which the corpus luteum grows rapidly after ovulation
Metestrus
38
The final phase of estrous cycle, which is characterized by an inactive reproductive tract and ovaries
Anestrus
39
An animal, generally a female cat, whose body attempts to stay in estrus until it mates
Induced ovulator
40
A reproductive hormone produced by the posterior pituitary; it causes smooth muscles to contract, such as the uterus during birth
Oxytocin
41
A hormone mainly produced by the corpus luteum which is essential for maintaining pregnancy
Progesterone
42
A hormone produced by the ovaries and in the uterus and placenta; in late pregnancy, it relaxes the pelvic ligaments and cervix to allow for birth
Relaxin
43
The Union of an egg and a sperm
Fertilization
44
A process by which sperm achieve the ability to fertilize; this occurs in the uterus or fallopian tubes.
Capacitation
45
The ability of sperm to move; important because sperm must travel a long distance in a short time
motility
46
An embryo in the later stages of development
Fetus
47
Return of the uterus to its non pregnant state
Involution
48
A condition in which a female can't deliver her offspring without outside help
Dystocia
49
Areas that produce milk in a female after she gives birth
Mammary gland
50
Secretion of milk
Lactation
51
A condition that exists from the time of birth
Congential
52
A condition in which part of an animal's reproductive tract doesn't form completely
Hypoplasia
53
The developmental period just after birth, during which the newborn is dependent on its parent(s) for survival
Neonatal period
54
The period after adulthood during which body systems begin to decline
Aging
55
The practice of medical intervention to extend lifespan; includes vaccination, controlling parasites, maintaining sanitary conditions, and early detection of disease
Preventative medicine
56
A condition in which the thyroid is under active
Hypothyroidism
57
A non contagious inflammation of the skin, sometimes caused by allergic responses
Eczema
58
An irregular abnormal heartbeat
Arrhythmia
59
An infection of the uterus common in older dogs
Pyometra
60
Thinning of the bones, commonly experienced and older animals
Osteopena
61
Ending of life for humane reasons
Euthanasia
62
A ticked or tabby pattern in which the color alternates between light and dark
Agouti
63
A 2 colored cat
Bicolored
64
A non-pedigreed cat usually a short hair not from any particular country
Domestic
65
A 3 colored cat
Parti-colored
66
A document containing the names, titles, colors, and registration numbers are the 1st 3 to 5 generations of a cat's family
Pedigree
67
A pattern in which a pale body color contrasts with a darker color on a cat's face, ears, legs and tail
Pointed
68
A cat whose ancestors are all of the same breed or allowable outcrosses
Purebred
69
An unaltered female cat
Queen
70
A cat of one solid color such as black or brown
Solid-color
71
A striped color pattern
Tabby
72
Each hair is really 2 colors, one lighter and 1 darker
Tipped
73
An unaltered male cat
Tom
74
Kittens raised in a breeder's home rather than
Underfoot
75
Cats with this pattern are mostly white with patches of color on their heads and tails
Van pattern
76
A grayish yellow color
Biscuit
77
A white strip that runs up the center of the face usually between the eyes
Blaze
78
A dilution of black
Blue
79
A color pattern of black splashes or streaks on a blue-gray background
Blue merle
80
A diluted black finally mixed with white (black-and-white hairs evenly mixed)
Blue roan
81
A tiger striped pattern
Brindle
82
A color that ranges from red to cream
Buff
83
Cutting the ears to make them stand (prick)up
Cropping
84
A mottled coat color pattern
Dapple
85
Cutting off part of the tail
Docking
86
The extra toe high on the paw
Dewclaw
87
Long hairs hanging down from the ears and muzzle
Fall
88
A mixture of black or red hairs with white hair
Grizzle
89
Irregular white and black patches
Harlequin
90
Water (fluid) on the brain
Hydrocephalus
91
A deep reddish Brown color
Liver
92
A deep reddish Brown color finely mixed with white
Liver roan
93
A color pattern of dark blotches against a lighter background
Merle
94
Black lines dividing the tan on the toes
Pencilling
95
Comparatively large patches of 2 or more colors
Piebald
96
Relatively large patches of 2 or more colors
Pinto
97
Ears that stand erect
Pricked ears
98
Brown and white hairs evenly mixed
Red roan
99
An ear in which the bottom part is up while the top part flops over sideways
Rose ear
100
Thick, longer hair growth around the neck
Ruff
101
Short tail that hangs down or twists in a spiral shape
Screw tail
102
A classification for grouping of individuals that have the same biologic characteristics and can inter breed
Species
103
Show criteria for each breed (example what the ideal dog of each breed should look like if such an animal existed)
Standard
104
A sunken-in back
Swayback
105
A miniature version of a particular breed
Teacup
106
A tuft of longer hair on the top of the head
Topknot
107
Black spots on the front of ankles
Thumb marks
108
A dark line that runs along a pug's spine
Trace
109
Color of ripening wheat
Wheaten

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