Skeletal and Muscular Systems

Question 1

The study of the structure of living organisms

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

The study of body parts and how the performance of one of affect the others

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

The basic structure of life; come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes and have a variety of functions; all mammalian cells contain a cell membrane, organelle’s, cytoplasm, and a nucleus.

Answer 3

Cell

Question 4

Composed of groups of tissues that have a common function and work together

Answer 4

Organs

Question 5

Identical or closely related cells group together

Answer 5

Tissue

Question 6

Substances that move across the membrane require energy expenditure unlike passive transport

Answer 6

Active transport process

Question 7

Cell reproduction by dividing to yield 2 identical cells

Answer 7

Mitosis

Question 8

Points of attachment for your muscles, levers for muscle action, mineral storage structures, and sites for production of blood cell

Answer 8

Bones

Question 9

Spongy bone that acts as a shock absorber; found near the center of the bone and houses the bone marrow

Answer 9

Cancellous bones

Question 10

Highly structured series of bone layers found in the outer portions of the bone; composed of a series of tube like structures arranged so that the tube shafts are parallel to the bone shaft

Answer 10

Compact bone

Question 11

The space through which blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves travel through compact bone

Answer 11

Haversian canal

Question 12

The reddish Brown tissue found in the middle of bone; primarily responsible for producing blood cells, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, from the stem cells

Answer 12

Bone marrow

Question 13

The body’s central framework; includes the bones of the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum

Answer 13

Axial skeleton

Question 14

Supports the axial skeleton; includes the bones of the legs, shoulders, and pelvis

Answer 14

Appendicular skeleton

Question 15

Bands of tough fibrous connective tissue that connect bones at joints

Answer 15

Ligaments

Question 16

Bands that attach muscles to bones

Answer 16

Tendons

Question 17

Support the front end of the body during walking

Answer 17

Thoracic limbs

Question 18

Support the rear end of the body during walking

Answer 18

Pelvic limbs

Question 19

The connection between 2 bones that help hold bones together and give the skeleton flexibility for movement

Answer 19

Joints

Question 20

The muscle that separates the thorax and the aptman

Answer 20

Diaphragm

Question 21

The most abundant muscle tissue; also called voluntary muscle because it’s under voluntary control and appears striped under a microscope

Answer 21

Skeletal muscle

Question 22

Involuntary, smooth muscle found in the internal organs such as the urinary bladder and blood vessels

Answer 22

Visceral muscle

Question 23

Found only in the heart; somewhat striated in appearance but not under voluntary control

Answer 23

Cardiac muscle

Question 24

Chemical substances released at the end of a nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse which, by diffusing across the synapse or Junction, cause the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fiber, muscle fiber, or some other structure

Answer 24

Neurotransmitters

Question 25

Skeletal muscles that flex, or bend, a joint

Answer 25

Flexor muscles

Question 26

Skeletal muscles that extend, or straightened, a joint

Answer 26

Extensor muscles