Reproduction And Genetics

Question 1

Ovaries

Answer 1

Store and release eggs

Question 2

Fallopian tubes

Answer 2

Carry the egg to the uterus, fertilisation occurs here

Question 3

Uterus

Answer 3

(Womb) is where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment

Question 4

Cervix

Answer 4

Leads from the vagina to the uterus

Question 5

Vagina

Answer 5

Holds the male penis during sexual intercourse

Question 6

Ovulation

Answer 6

An egg is released from the ovary an average of every 28 days

Question 7

The egg is released

Answer 7

On day 13 - 15 of the menstrual cycle and it passes along the fallopian tube to the uterus

Question 8

Menstruation/period

Answer 8

The lining and a small amount of blood pass out through the vagina (day 1 - 5)

Question 9

Fertile period

Answer 9

Theses are the days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant

Question 10

Menopause

Answer 10

Signals the end of a female’s ability to reproduce and also the end of her menstrual cycle. It happens at different ages for different people, typically in the late 40s to early 50s

Question 11

Testes

Answer 11

Produce sperm

Question 12

Scrotum

Answer 12

Is where the testes are, it is located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than body temperature for healthy sperm

Question 13

Epididymis

Answer 13

Is a coiled tube on the outside of each testis that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully

Question 14

Vas deferens (sperm duct)

Answer 14

Brings the sperm from the testes to the penis

Question 15

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland and Cowper’s gland

Answer 15

Produce seminal fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen, it nourishes the sperm and allow them to swim

Question 16

Penis

Answer 16

Enters the female and ejaculates semen

Question 17

Puberty

Answer 17

Describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature (reproductive organs develop). It normally happens between the ages of 10 and 16

Question 18

Male puberty

Answer 18

In males, sex hormones
(testosterone) are released causing the
voice to deepen, hair grows around the
sex organs, face, chest and underarms,
the testes and penis grow bigger and start
to produce sperm.

Question 19

Female puberty

Answer 19

In females when the sex
hormones (oestrogen and progesterone)
are released the breasts develop, hips
widen, and hair begins to grow on the
body
• The first egg is released from the ovaries
which leads to the first period occurring
• An egg will be released every month until
the menopause

Question 20

During intercourse the man’s

Answer 20

penis fills
with blood and becomes hard enough to
be placed inside the woman’s vagina

Question 21

Semen

Answer 21

A mixture of sperm cells and seminal fluid
called (?) is released into the vagina

Question 22

The sperm swim

Answer 22

up the uterus and into
the fallopian tubes

Question 23

Fertilisation

Answer 23

If an egg is present in the
fallopian tube, and a couple have sexual
intercourse, then one of the sperm cells
may fuse with it

Question 24

Fertilised egg

Answer 24

The nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse
together to form a

Question 25

Zygote → Embryo → Foetus

Answer 25

• Egg and sperm fuse to form a single • → Zygote • Cell division occurs and growth • → Embryo, which attaches to the lining of the uterus (implantation) grows more, and after 8 weeks looks like a human • →Foetus

Question 26

Pregnancy

Answer 26

The average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks

Question 27

Amniotic fluid

Answer 27

• As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid called amniotic fluid • This fluid provides a cushion for the embryos

Question 28

Umbilical cord

Answer 28

A tube called the (blank) joins the embryo to the placenta

Question 29

Placenta

Answer 29

is rich in blood vessels • It is here at the placenta that food and oxygen from the mothers blood pass into the baby’s blood • Also wastes such as Carbon dioxide pass from the baby’s blood into the mothers

Question 30

Labour

Answer 30

The birth of a baby begins when the uterus muscles start to contract • This is called

Question 31

Water break

Answer 31

The bag of amniotic fluid bursts

Question 32

Afterbirth

Answer 32

The umbilical cord is cut and the placenta comes out after

Question 33

Lactation

Answer 33

The production of breast milk is called

Question 34

Colostrum

Answer 34

The first three days of milk is called (Blank) – very nutritious, and helps protect the baby from infection

Question 35

Natural methods of contraception

Answer 35

aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period

Question 36

Artificial methods of contraception

Answer 36

prevent the sperm and egg meeting

Question 37

Asexual reproduction

Answer 37

involves only one parent • cells from this parent divide and a new plant grows from these cells • this plant is identical to the parent e.g. strawberries, potatoes

Question 38

Sexual reproduction

Answer 38

• involves two parent plants • a cell from each combining to produce a seed which becomes a new plant • this plant has features of both parents e.g. apple, dandelions

Question 39

Genetics

Answer 39

is the study of the inheritance of Characteristics

Question 40

Inheritable characteristics

Answer 40

Many physical characteristics such as eye colour and shape of ears were inherited from your parents

Question 41

Chromosomes

Answer 41

The nucleus of each sex cell (gamete) contains 23 thread like structures called Chromosomes

Question 42

Chromosomes are made of

Answer 42

protein + DNA. These chromosomes carry genes

Question 43

Genes

Answer 43

are chemicals found on chromosomes that pass on information from parents to children

Question 44

DNA

Answer 44

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 45

46 chromosomes

Answer 45

When an egg and sperm cell fuse (each has 23 chromosomes) they give the individual they are creating 46 chromosomes • One set comes from the mother the other from the father