reproduction connect

Question 1

Which of the following hormones stimulates uterine contractions during the birth process in mammals?

Answer 1

oxytocin

Question 2

Maintenance of the uterine lining during pregnancy in mammals requires

Answer 2

progesterone

Question 3

A ____ oocyte is released from the ovary

Answer 3

secondary

Question 4

finger-like extensions called ____ receive the egg as it leaves the ovary

Answer 4

fimbriae

Question 5

if fertilization occurs, it normally occurs in the ______

Answer 5

oviduct

Question 6

a fertilized egg begins to divide as it moves toward the _____

Answer 6

uterus

Question 7

a fertilized egg may be implant in the ______ layer

Answer 7

endometrial

Question 8

sexual reproduction

Answer 8

increases genetic variation

Question 9

what is the function of the mitochondria in the case of the sperm?

Answer 9

to provide energy for movement

Question 10

What role(s) does meiosis play in gametogenesis? Check all that apply

Answer 10

• meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by half
• meiosis allows equal genetic contributions from each parent

Question 11

which of the choices lists the three phases of the ovarian cycle in the correct order?

Answer 11

follicular; ovulation; luteal

Question 12

in what order do sperm move through the structures of the female reproductive tract?

Answer 12

vagina; cervix; uterus; oviduct

Question 13

fertilization of an ovum normally occurs in the

Answer 13

oviduct

Question 14

which of the following ovarian hormones is involved in a positive feedback loop with the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary?

Answer 14

estrogen

Question 15

T/F: a positive feedback loop causes a self-amplifying cycle where a physiological change leads to even greater change in the same direction

Answer 15

true

Question 16

what do you predict would occur if the ovary was inhibited from releasing progesterone

Answer 16

the positive feedback cycle of gonadotropin releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, and estrogen would continue

Question 17

if the hypothalamus was not inhibited by estrogen, which pathway would be interrupted first?

Answer 17

• release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus
• release of luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary

Question 18

if gonadotropin releasing hormone was removed from the system, what do you predict would occur to the levels of estrogen being released into the bloodstream?

Answer 18

lower amounts of luteinizing hormone would be released and therefore lower amounts of estrogen would be produced

Question 19

what is true of the corpus luteum

Answer 19

secretions of the corpus luteum prepare the uterus for implantation of the embryo

Question 20

which part of the mammalian sperm contains the nucleus

Answer 20

head

Question 21

T/F: implantation of the blastocyst into the uterine wall is correlated with the degeneration of the corpus luteum

Answer 21

false

Question 22

spermatogenesis occurs in the

Answer 22

seminiferous tubules

Question 23

which of the following is a correct sequence of cells in spermatogenesis?

Answer 23

spermatogonium -> primary spermatocyte -> secondary spermatocyte

Question 24

what would you predict is the fate of the daughter spermatogonium that resulted from the first mitotic division?

Answer 24

the daughter spermatogonium would go through a mitotic division producing another daughter spermatogonium and a primary spermatocyte

Question 25

after the second meiotic event, imagine you observed spermatids with 12 chromosomes. what would the primary spermatocyte have for a chromosome count

Answer 25

24

Question 26

prior to the first meiotic event, you observed a spermatocyte with 12 chromosomes. what would spermatids have for a chromosome count?

Answer 26

6

Question 27

germ cells in the testes produce 2n cells called _____

Answer 27

spermatogonia

Question 28

meiosis begins with primary _____

Answer 28

spermatocytes

Question 29

meiosis 1 ends with the production of ______ spermatocytes, which are the first haploid cells in the process

Answer 29

secondary

Question 30

meiosis 2 results in the production of 4 haploid _____

Answer 30

spermatids

Question 31

maturation of sperm occurs in the ______ tubules

Answer 31

seminiferous

Question 32

what are the 3 glands that produce the liquid portion of semen?

Answer 32

prostate; seminal vesicles; bulbourethral

Question 33

when a primary follicle enlarges, and there are several layers of granulosa cells, it is called a

Answer 33

secondary follicle

Question 34

which of the following has an antrum?

Answer 34

mature follicle

Question 35

during the menstrual cycle, the oocyte is released from the follicle. In what organ does the follicle develop, and what is the immediate destination of the oocyte?

Answer 35

the follicle develops in the ovary and the oocyte will travel to the fallopian tube

Question 36

there are two phases to the menstrual cycle. identify events that occur concurrently with the follicular phase

Answer 36

- development of fluid filled vessicles - development of the mature (tertiary) follicle

Question 37

there are two phases to the human menstrual cycle. identify the events that occur during the luteal phase

Answer 37

- presence of corpus albicans - presence of the corpus lueteum - rapid growth of granulosa cells

Question 38

budding

Answer 38

- the new individual forms on the exterior of parent - occurs in cnidarians

Question 39

parthenogenesis

Answer 39

- the new individual is usually haploid - occurs in social insects

Question 40

regeneration

Answer 40

- occurs in flatworms - the new individual is formed from a parental fragment

Question 41

asexual reproduction...

Answer 41

- only one parent is involved - parthenogenesis - offspring are clones of the parent - budding - fragmentation - offspring may be haploid

Question 42

sexual reproduction...

Answer 42

- gametes fuse - independent assortment of alleles - offspring differ from each other and their parents - method of most eukaryotes

Question 43

place the events of oocyte maturation in the correct sequence

Answer 43

1. several primary oocytes begin to mature within growing follicles 2. one primary oocyte completes meiosis 1 to form a secondary oocyte 3. the secondary oocyte begins meiosis 2 and is released as ovulation occurs and the follicle ruptures 4. the corpus luteum develops from the follicle remnants 5. if fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates

Question 44

which of the following lists the structures of the male reproductive tract in the proper order from sperm production to ejaculation?

Answer 44

seminiferous tubules; epididymis; vas deferens; ejaculatory duct; urethra

Question 45

in female mammals, germ cells

Answer 45

are arrested in meiosis 1 until puberty

Question 46

what are the advantages of internal fertilization

Answer 46

- it provides protection from the environment and predators - the proximity of sperm and eggs is guaranteed

Question 47

what is true of semen

Answer 47

- it assists with sperm survival and motility - it contains fructose

Question 48

once an egg has been fertilized, what event is crucial for preventing additional sperm from inserting DNA into the egg

Answer 48

the cortical reaction