Reproduction
The ability of organisms to produce a new generation of themselves
Asexual
Production of new generation of the same species by one parent
Sexual
Production of a new generation of the same species by bringing together the genetic material of to parents
Hermaphrodite
Bisexual make female and male gametes
Whorl
A ring a flower parts
Pollination
The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma, thereby enabling fertilization and reproduction
Cross pollination
The pollen is transferred from the anther of a flower of one plant to the stigma of a flower of another plant of the same species
Self pollination
The pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or to another flower on the same plant
Fertilization
The joining of two haploid cells the male gamete and female gametes to form a diploid zygote
Wild plants
Plants that grow in nature without the aid of humans
Grafting
Technique whereby tissues from one plant or inserted into those of another so that the two sets join together
Rootstock
The plant selected for its roots which have superior traits e.g. pest resistance
Scion
The plant selected for its superior fruits which have a larger and improved yield
Cultivar
A plant or grouping of plans selected for desirable characteristics that can be maintained by propagation
Tissue culture or micropropagation
A process whereby a small amount of plant tissue is cultured in a growing medium to produce a callus and then plantlets
Callus
A Shapeless clump of cells
Herbicide
A chemical that kills herbs or weeds
Hybrid crops
Crops produced by cross pollinating to inbred plants of dissimilar genotypes
Polyploid plants
Plants containing more than two homologous sets of chromosomes
Mutagenesis
And important tool in crop improvement which is free of the regulatory restrictions imposed on genetically modified organisms
Mutation
Variation breeding
Breeding
The process of exposing seeds to mutagens (chemicals or radiation)in order to generate mutants with desirable traits
Seed bank
Facility use to store seeds of various wild plants and crops in an effort to maintain biodiversity
Complete protein
Protein that provides all essential amino acids e.g. meat, dairy, soybean (only plant with characteristic)
Angiosperm
Plants with flowers which produce ovules enclosed in an ovary
Flower
An organ of sexual reproduction which contains reproductive organs and will attract pollinators
