Human Reproduction

Question 1

Scrotum

Answer 1

Contains the testes

Question 2

Testis

Answer 2

The oval structures suspended outside the body in the scrotum

Question 3

Epididymus

Answer 3

A highly convoluted tubule about 5m long, formed by the joining of seminiferous tubules

Question 4

Vas deferens (sperm duct)

Answer 4

Muscular duct which is a continuation of the epididymus

Question 5

Urethra

Answer 5

Duct at the end of the iron-genital system leading to the exterior

Question 6

Prostate gland

Answer 6

Plum-sized gland surrounding the urethra at the base of the bladder

Question 7

Ovaries

Answer 7

Two almond shaped organs found in the pelvic cavity and held in position by ligaments

Question 8

Uterus

Answer 8

Hollow, pear-shaped, thick-walled muscular organ

Question 9

Myometrium

Answer 9

Thick involuntary muscle layer

Question 10

Endometrium

Answer 10

Lining richly supplied with blood vessels

Question 11

Vagina

Answer 11

Muscular passage between the uterus and the outside of the body

Question 12

Clitoris

Answer 12

Small mass of erectile tissue found at the anterior end of the vulva

Question 13

Puberty

Answer 13

The process of physical and psychological changes

Question 14

Adolescence

Answer 14

Period of physical, physiological as well as psychological change

Question 15

Oestrous

Answer 15

A time when females ovulate and can be impregnated

Question 16

Celibate

Answer 16

Abstaining from sex

Question 17

Gametogenesis

Answer 17

The formation of mature gametes (sperm and eggs) by the reproductive glands (gonads)

Question 18

Spermatogenesis

Answer 18

The sequence of events during which mature, haploid sperm are produced from the germinal epithelium in the seminiferous tubules if the testes

Question 19

Menarche

Answer 19

The first menstrual bleeding

Question 20

Oogenesis

Answer 20

The production of haploid, mature eggs in the follicles of the ovaries

Question 21

Ovulation

Answer 21

Release of a mature egg from a Graafian follicle every 28 days

Question 22

Theca

Answer 22

Single layer of cells that surrounds the oogonium

Question 23

Oogonium

Answer 23

Large central cell

Question 24

Menopause

Answer 24

Overuse stop producing oestrogen and progesterone, therefore the ovaries stop releasing eggs and menstruation no longer occurs

Question 25

Atrophy

Answer 25

Degeneration

Question 26

HRT

Answer 26

Hormone replacement therapy

Question 27

Copulation

Answer 27

Sexual intercourse or coitus The transfer of sperm into the vagina of the female when the male organ, the penis, is inserted and sperm are deposited near the cervix

Question 28

Fertilization

Answer 28

The fusion of the sperm nucleus with the egg nucleus to form a diploid cell known as the zygote

Question 29

Gestation

Answer 29

Pregnancy | The time between conception and birth, during which the embryo and then the fortis develops into the uterus

Question 30

Morula

Answer 30

Solid ball of cells formed by dividing zygote

Question 31

Blastocyst

Answer 31

Hollow, fluid-filled balls of cells

Question 32

Trophoblast

Answer 32

Layer formed by the outer cells forming the wall of the blastocyst

Question 33

Implantation

Answer 33

Occurs when the blastocyst sinks into the thickened, highly vascular endometrium

Question 34

Crown-rump length

Answer 34

Crown of head to buttocks

Question 35

Placenta

Answer 35

A disc shaped temporary organ richly supplied with maternal and foetal blood vessels

Question 36

Intra-uterine cannibalism

Answer 36

Embryos which feed on fertilized eggs and other developing embryos in the uterus

Question 37

Amnion

Answer 37

A membrane which surrounds the developing embryo and foetus

Question 38

Umbilical cord

Answer 38

A flexible cord extending from the abdomen to placenta if the foetus

Question 39

Birth

Answer 39

The expulsion of the foetus, its surrounding membranes and the placenta from the uterus

Question 40

Uterine cycle

Answer 40

A series of changes in the endometrium which is regulated by hormones

Question 41

Colostrum

Answer 41

Watery pre-milk fluid

Question 42

Mammary glands

Answer 42

Organs in female mammals that produce milk to feed young offspring

Question 43

Lactation

Answer 43

Production of milk

Question 44

Fibroids

Answer 44

Lumps that develop from the myometrium

Question 45

Endometriosis

Answer 45

A disease in which tissue that normally grows inside the uterus grows outside the uterus

Question 46

Surrogate

Answer 46

A woman who carries a baby on behalf of future parents who are medically unable to do so

Question 47

Foetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 47

A pattern of birth defects, learning and behavioral problems affecting children whose mothers consumed alcohol during pregnancy

Question 48

Erection

Answer 48

Penis becomes firm and enlarged due to increased blood flow, so that it can penetrate the vagina during copulation

Question 49

Ejaculation

Answer 49

The release of sperm through the urethra of the stiffened penis during an erection