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AVS- Module 3 > Reproduction- Physiology > Flashcards

Reproduction- Physiology Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Puberty

A

Animal becomes capable of reproduction

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2
Q

Sexual maturity

A

Reproduce at optimal level

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3
Q

Sexual maturity for heifers

A

15 months

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4
Q

Sexual maturity for bulls

A

2-3 months after puberty

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5
Q

Stages of reproduction(5)

A

Parturition
Gestation
Lactation
Rebreeding
Hormonal control

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6
Q

True or False: lactation prevents estrus with pigs

A

True

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7
Q

Estrous cycle definition

A

Period of time btwn one heat and the next
About 3 weeks

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8
Q

Anestrus definition

A

Interval if sexual inactivity

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9
Q

Which animals are polyestrous

A

Cow
Goats
Pigs

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10
Q

Which animal is seasonally polyestrous

A

Sheep

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11
Q

What happens during proestrus

A

Follicle enlarges
Estrogen increases
Vascularity increases
FSH and LH increase

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12
Q

What surges during estrus followed by what

A

LH followed by ovulation

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13
Q

What is 80% of the estrous cycle

A

Luteal phase

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14
Q

What takes places during diestrus

A

Longest phase
Progesterone is high(P4)
FSH low
Ends with luteolysis

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15
Q

What is luteolysis

A

Degradation of corpus luteum

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16
Q

What happens to corpus luteum if female isn’t pregnant

A

Regresses
Uterus releases PF2€

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17
Q

If offspring is present in a sow what happens dealing with anestrus period

A

Completely suppresses estrus

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18
Q

If offspring is present in a cow what happens dealing with anestrus period

A

Suppresses estrus up to 60 days

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19
Q

If offspring is present in a mare what happens dealing with anestrus period

A

Returns to estrus 9-11 days after foaling

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20
Q

What animals experience a photoperiod

A

Mare
Ewe

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21
Q

Flushing purpose food wise

A

Increase ovulation by increasing feed intake prior to estrus

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22
Q

What is seasonal anestrus controlled by

A

Photoperiod and temperature

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23
Q

With ewes what must be present before estrogen for behavioral estrus

Study These Flashcards
A

Progesterone(p4)

24
Q

How long does it take for luteolysis to occur

25
What increases uterine PGF2€
Oxytocin
26
True or False: a mare is less sensitive to PGF2€
False they’re more sensitive
27
What prevents polyspermy
Zone Pellucida Vitelline membrane
28
Characteristic of Morula
Division of fertilized egg Totipotent
29
Blastocyst characteristics
Trophoblast cells ICM
30
Eutherian definition
Animals with placenta
31
What does ICM turn into
Embryo
32
How can cows recognize pregnancy
Interferon Tau is released Inhibits PGF2€ at day 13
33
What day does implantation occur in cows
Day 12
34
How can a mare tell when pregnant
Physical presence eCG
35
How many pregnancies will sows not exceed
4
36
Layers of placenta
Amnion Chorion Allantois
37
Amnion function
Closely covers embryo Temp respiratory organs
38
Chorion function
Surrounds amniotic sac Outermost layer Includes trophoblast Temp respiratory organs
39
Allantois function
Waste management and gas exchange
40
What happens hormonally in the first stage of parturition
Fetal adrenal cortisol releases in response to stress Increase estrogen Decrease progesterone PGF2€ increases contractions Cervical pressure induces oxytocin
41
FSH function
Hyperovulation to signal more Initiates a new follicular wave
42
FSH origin and structure
Anterior pituitary Glycoprotein
43
LH function
Treatment for cystic females Used in estrous sync Initiates ovulation
44
LH origin and structure
Anterior pituitary Glycoprotein
45
GnRH function
Signals release of FSH and LH
46
GnRH origin and structure
Hypothalamus Peptide
47
Estrogen function
Responsible for behavioral signs of estrus Suppresses FSH
48
Estrogen origin and structure
Ovary Steroid
49
Progesterone function
Maintains pregnancy
50
Progesterone origin and structure
Uterus Eicosanoid
51
Adrenal Cortisol function
Released from fetus as part of stage 1 of parturition
52
Adrenal cortisol origin
Fetal adrenal glands
53
Oxytocin function
Uterine contractions Milk let down
54
Oxytocin origins and structure
Hypothalamus Peptide
55
Placentome definition
How body interacts with fetus when released after calving

AVS- Module 3 (4 decks)

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