Reproductive Hormones - Endocrine System

Question 1

What does GnRH stand for?

Answer 1

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

Question 2

Does the hypothalamus secrete GnRH?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Where does Gonadotropin travel to after being secreted by the hypothalamus?

Answer 3

The anterior pituitary gland

Question 4

What two reproductive hormones are released by the pituitary gland?

Answer 4

LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)

Question 5

In males, what does LH stimulate Sertoli cells to secrete?

Answer 5

Androgen Binding Globulin (ABG) and Inhibin

Question 6

Which cells in the testicles produce testosterone?

Answer 6

Leydig cells

Question 7

Which hormone catalyzes the production of testosterone in males?

Answer 7

LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

Question 8

What is the onset of sexual maturity commonly known as?

Answer 8

Puberty

Question 9

What characteristics does testosterone develop in males during puberty?

Answer 9

Secondary sexual characteristics such as deep voice, broad shoulders, and facial hair

Question 10

Inhibin supports which process and inhibits the secretion of which hormones?

Answer 10

Supports spermatogenesis and inhibits FSH, LH, and GnRH

Question 11

What natural mechanism decreases increased levels of LH and FSH?

Answer 11

Negative feedback mechanism

Question 12

In females, where do LH and FSH travel from and to?

Answer 12

From the pituitary gland to the ovaries

Question 13

What two hormones do LH and FSH stimulate the production of in the ovaries?

Answer 13

Oestrogen and Inhibin

Question 14

What cycle does oestrogen help regulate in females?

Answer 14

The menstrual cycle

Question 15

What does inhibin inhibit in females?

Answer 15

Activin, which stimulates GnRH production

Question 16

What type of feedback loop is caused by the increase in Oestrogen and Inhibin levels?

Answer 16

Negative feedback loop

Question 17

Name three things reproductive hormones significantly contribute to.

Answer 17

Sexual maturation, growth, and sexual differentiation in the foetus

Question 18

What does PCOS stand for in females?

Answer 18

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Question 19

What condition is caused by the overproduction of male hormones in females?

Answer 19

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Question 20

What are three symptoms or possible effects of PCOS?

Answer 20

Facial hair growth, irregular periods, and possible infertility

Question 21

What surgical treatment is there for testicular cancer in males?

Answer 21

Removal of either one or both testicles

Question 22

What are the possible side effects of surgical removal of testicles?

Answer 22

Decreased sex drive, altered male features/body image, and impotence

Question 23

What hormones do the ovaries secrete?

Answer 23

Oestrogen and progesterone

Question 24

What is the most common change in ovarian hormones caused by?

Answer 24

The start of menopause

Question 25

What symptoms can loss of ovarian function lead to?

Answer 25

Hot flashes, thinning vaginal tissue, lack of menstrual periods, mood changes, and bone loss

Question 26

In males, what does FSH stimulate?

Answer 26

Increases the production of sperm in the seminiferous tubules

Question 27

In females, what does FSH stimulate?

Answer 27

Stimulates maturation of the ovarian follicles