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Reproductive Module > Reproductive Phys > Flashcards

Reproductive Phys Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

Gonads produce

A

Gametes and sex hormones

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2
Q

What are the gametes

A

Ovary-female

Testes-male

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3
Q

Tissues that have the potential to diffrentiate into male and female tissues

A

Bipotential tissues

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4
Q

This protin directs development as a male

A

SRY protein

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5
Q

Urethral folds and groove produce

A

Urethra
Labia minora
Vagina opening in female

Shaft of penis in male

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6
Q

Genital tubercle produces

A

Clitoris in female
Glans penis in male

Urethral folds and groove in both

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7
Q

Gonadal cortex

A

Produces ovary in female

Degenerates in males

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8
Q

Labioscrotal swellings produce

A

Shaft of penis and scrotum in male

Labia majora in female

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9
Q

Gonadal medulla

A

Forms testis in males

Degenerates in female

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10
Q

Wolfian duct becomes

A

Epidydimis,seminiferous tubules and vas deferens in males when testosterone is produced.

Regresses in female

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11
Q

Mullerian duct becomes

A

Upper half of vagina
Fallopian tube
Uterus
Cervix

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12
Q

Mullerian duct regreses in

A

males

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13
Q

MIF function

A

Inhibits formation of mullerian duct

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14
Q

Gmetogenesis begins at this time

A

in utero

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15
Q

Germ cells are present in embryonic gonad

A

true

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16
Q

Mitotic divisions in embryonic gonad

A

Increases the number of germ cells

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17
Q

Meiosis in embryonic gonad leads to

A

The differentiation of primary ,secondary and haploid gamete

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18
Q

Gonads produce

A

The main source of peptide hormones and steroids

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19
Q

Main source of sex steroid hormones

A

Gonads

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20
Q

Why hypothalamus is said to be a pulse generator

A

Because it produces GnRH

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21
Q

Pattern for hormonal control of reproduction

A

Hypothalamus —>releases GnRH—->.Anterior pituitary gland–>Produces LH and FSH—>Acts on gonads—>Steroid, peptide hormones and gametes produced

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22
Q

Peptide hormones produced include

A

Inhibin and activin

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23
Q

Short loop feedback

Study These Flashcards
A

Negative feedback from the LH AND FSH to hypothalamus

24
Q

Long loop feedback

Study These Flashcards
A

Negative feedback from gonadal hormones to hypothalamus

25
Decreased estrogen and androgen effect on GnRH level
increased due to absence of negative feedback
26
Moderate estrogen/androgen effect on GnRH
negative feedback occurs, GnRH reduced
27
Increased androgen/ estrogen effect on GnRh
Reduced due to negative feedback inhibition
28
Sustained increased estrogen/androgen effect on GnRh
Increases due to positive feedback
29
External genitalia in males
penis, scrotum
30
Common passageway in males
Urethra
31
Accessory glands and ducts in males
prostate gland' bulbourethral gland seminal vescicles
32
This structure produces sperms
Seminiferous tubules
33
Maturation of sperms occur in
Epididymis
34
Urethra receives sperms from
Vas deferens
35
These structures surround and support developing sperms
Sertoli cells
36
This structure divides and produces sperm cells
Spermatogonia
37
This structure produces testosterone
Leydig cells
38
External genitalia in females is also called
Pudendum
39
External female genitalia include
``` vulva clitoris labia majora labia minora hymen Lower third of vagina ```
40
Internal organs of female genitalia
``` Cervix upper 2/3rd of vagina uterus fallopian tubes ovary ```
41
Phases of ovarian cycle
Follicular phase ovulation Luteal phase
42
Process for selecting matured follicle
- 18-20 follicles recruited on days 1-4 of menstrual cycle in response to FSH -Only one follicle is selected each month and occurs days 5-7 of menstrual cycle - Selected follicle grows and suppresses other follicles -FSH levels drop 4-5 days before ovulation -Only selected follicle matures, others become atretic due to reduced FSH -
43
Estrogen and ovulation
- There is a slow rise in estrogen, picks up at about 7th day - Gets to its peak about 1 day to ovulation - It begins to drop after getting to its peak - The commencement of its fall signifies ovulation NB; similar for inhibin
44
Progesterone and ovulation
Progesterone in follicular phase lays low and begins to rise after ovulation begins It peaks up at about day 18,19,20 and begins to fall Wjen progesterone falls, estrogen rises
45
LH levels in ovulation
peaks
46
FSH levels in ovulation
Reduced
47
the uterine cycles undergoes how many phases
2. proliferative secretive
48
proliferative phase
The endometrium grows in preparation for pregnancy There is increase in thickness of endometrium and increase in size of blood vessels and glands Stingy mucus releases by cervix to guide sperms from vagina into uterus
49
Secretory phase
Due to progesterone from corpus luteum, endometrial secretions are made to promote implantation This serves to; Provide a comfortable environment direct fertilized ovum as to where to implant produce nutrients for the implantation of fertilized ovum There is marked swelling where glands increase, become tortous, lipid and glycogen increase in stromal cells
50
Fertilized ovum enters uterine cavity these amount of days after ovulation
3-4 days
51
Fertilized ovum implants
7-9 after ovulation
52
Around the time of proliferation and secretion
ovulation occurs
53
extra ovarian hormones include
GnRH LH FSH
54
Ovarian hormones include
estrogen progesterone inhibin
55
Functions of FSH
Stimulate follicular development | Stimulates granulosa cells to produce estrogen
56
Functions of LH
Stimulates formation of corpus luteum Stimulates ovulation Helps to mature ovarian follicle
57
Aromatase coverts
Androgens to estrogen

Reproductive Module (4 decks)

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