Reproductive Quiz 1 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are gametes?
Reproductive cells
Female gametes are ova; male gametes are spermatozoa.
What is the process by which reproductive cells divide?
Meiosis
Meiosis shuffles genetic material, resulting in unique genetic makeup for each new animal.
How do most body cells divide?
By mitosis
What is the Diploid Chromosome Number expressed as?
2n
The Diploid Chromosome Number is always an even number as chromosomes come in pairs.
What is the chromosome number for gametes called?
Haploid Chromosome Number
What happens when gametes come together during fertilization?
They become a whole
The total number of chromosomes in the fertilized ovum equals the diploid number.
What are the functions of the testes?
Spermatogenesis, hormone production
Where are spermatozoa produced?
In the seminiferous tubules of the testes
Where is sperm stored?
In the epididymis
What is the process of sperm production starting from primary spermatocyte?
Primary spermatocyte divides by meiosis into 2 secondary spermatocytes which divide by mitosis into 4 spermatids
What physical changes do spermatids undergo?
They grow tails and undergo other changes to become spermatozoa.
What is the role of the cremaster muscle?
Regulates temperature of testes by pulling them closer to the body in cold weather
Why is sperm alkaline?
To counteract the acidic environment in the female’s reproductive tract
What does the prostate gland produce?
Secretions that make up semen
What is the function of the bulbourethral gland?
Secretes mucus containing fluid just prior to ejaculation
What is the prepuce?
Sheath of skin that encloses the penis when not erect
What does the scrotum do?
Houses the testes and helps regulate their temperature
What is the sigmoid flexure?
An S shaped bend in the non-erect penis of bulls, rams, and boars
What is the gubernaculum?
Connective tissue that attaches the testes to the scrotum
What does the spermatic cord contain?
- Blood vessels
- Lymphatic vessels
- Vas deferens
What do Sertoli cells provide?
Nutritional support to developing sperm and prevent immune response against sperm
What happens during canine breeding with the bulb of the penis?
It becomes engorged with blood and is clamped in place after ejaculation
What is the primary male androgen?
Testosterone
Fill in the blank: The total number of chromosomes in a diploid cell is _____
Diploid Chromosome Number
