reproductive system Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
how many oocytes do females have at birth?
A
150,000
2
Q
every month oocytes undergo meiosis and becomes an _____
A
ovum
3
Q
every month oocytes undergo _____ and becomes an ovum
A
meiosis
4
Q
spermatogenesis begins at puberty and is ______ ______
A
never ending
5
Q
spermatogenesis begins at _____
A
puberty
6
Q
spermatogenesis is regulated by 3 hormones:
_______
______
________
A
FSH
LH
testosterone
7
Q
when ____ is secreted, sperm production is stimulated
A
FSH
8
Q
when ______ is secreted, testosterone production is stimulated
A
LH
9
Q
_______ promotes the maturation of sperm
A
testosterone
10
Q
puberty generally occurs earlier in _____
A
girls
11
Q
puberty lasts from ____-__ years
A
1.5-5
12
Q
vaginal walls covered with ______
A
rugae
13
Q
pH of vagina:
____-___
A
4-5
14
Q
vagina is acidic due to ________
A
lactobacilli
15
Q
the purpose of the ____ is to provide a safe environment for fetal development
A
uterus
16
Q
the ______ normally bends forwards, forming a sharp angle with the vagina
A
uterus
17
Q
the ______ is very elastic and can stretch
A
cervix
18
Q
a uterus that bends forwards is _______
A
anteverted
19
Q
the ____ is the uppermost part of the uterus
A
fundus
20
Q
3 layers of the uterus:
________
________
_______
A
perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium
21
Q
the _____ of the uterus is where contraction occur during labor
A
myometrium
22
Q
the ______ is the lining of the uterus and is where the placenta develops
A
endometrium
23
Q
the _____ _____ hold the uterus in place
A
uterine ligaments
24
Q
the ____ connects the uterus to the vagina
A
cervix
25
the ____ is elastic and secretes mucous
cervix
26
cervical mucous functions:
_______ the vaginal canal
_________ agent
_________ environment
-lubricates
-bacteriostatic
-alkaline
27
fertilization occurs in the _____ of fallopian tubes
ampulla
28
the ______ of the fallopian tubes is the part closest to the uterus
isthmus
29
the _____ is the site of tubal ligation
isthmus
30
the ___ secrete estrogen and progesterone
ovaries
31
the ovaries secrete ______ and _______
estrogen
progesterone
32
the ovaries release _____
ovum
33
_____ ______ facilitates movement of the ovum through the uterus
tubal peristalsis
34
a ____ ______ supports the uterus and provides points for birth passage
bony pelvis
35
a _____ pelvis supports the weight of pregnancy
false
36
a ______ pelvis is the most common type
gynecoid
37
an _____ pelvis and a ______ _____ pelvis are inadequate for labor
android
platypelloid flat
38
____ is used to induce labor because it mimics oxytocin
Pitocin
39
_____ plays a role in starting contractions of the uterus
oxytocin
40
_____ causes the endometrium to proliferate following menstruation
estrogen
41
____ assists in the maturation of the ovarian follicle each month
estrogen
42
estrogen increases __________ contractility
myometrial
43
estrogen causes the _____ to increase in size and weight
uterus
44
______ is the hormone of pregnancy
progesterone
45
____ is secreted by the corpus luteum
progesterone
46
the _____ _____ is a follicle where the egg matures
corpus luteum
47
_____ is found in the greatest amount during the secretory phase of ovulation
progesterone
48
____ influences the cervix to secrete thick, viscous mucous
progesterone
49
progesterone decreases uterine _______and _______ preparing the uterus for implantation
motility
contractibility
50
_____ rise that accompanies ovulation is due to progesterone
temp
51
______ are oxygenated fatty acids produced by cells of the endometrium
prostaglandins
52
_____ production increases during follicular maturation
prostaglandins
53
the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle occurs days __-_____
1-14
54
the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle is days ____-____
15-28
55
the ____ _____ follicle appears at about the _____ day under the control of FSH and LH
mature Graafian
14th
56
the mature Graafian follicle appears at about the 14th day under the control of ____ and ____
FSH
LH
57
body temp increases about ___-____ degrees 24-48 hours after ovulation
0.3-0.6
58
ovum thought to be fertile for only ____-___ hours
12-24
59
ovum reaches uterus ___-_____ hours after release
72-96
60
_____ phase begins when ovum leaves follicle
luteal
61
_____ phase begins when ovum leaves follicle
luteal
62
the ______ _____ is the mature graafian follicle after its pushed out
corpus luteum
63
during the luteal phase, the ___ _____ becomes yellowish and spherical and increases vascularity
corpus luteum
64
during the luteal phase, the corpus luteum becomes ______ and spherical and increases _______
yellowish
vascularity
65
_____ is needed to maintain the corpus luteum
hCG
66
if the ovum is fertilized, the fertilized egg begins to secrete ______
hCG
67
if fertilization doesn't occur, about a week after ovulation the _____ ____ begins to degenerate
corpus luteum
68
degeneration of the corpus luteum leads to decreases in ______ and ________
estrogen
progesterone
69
degeneration of the corpus luteum leads to an increase in ___ and _____
LH
FSH
70
day 1 of menstrual phase:
low levels of _____ stimulate ____ production in the pituitary
estrogen
FSH
71
day 1 of menstrual phase:
low levels of progesterone cause ______ _____ to slough off
endometrial lining
72
on the 1st day of the menstrual phase of the uterine cycle, the endometrial lining sloughs off, which causes the ______
period
73
during the follicular phase, ____ causes follicles in the ovary to develop, secreting more _____
FSH
estrogen
74
during the ____ phase, due to a drop in progesterone, the lining of the endometrium sloughs off
menstrual
75
if the corpus luteum doesn't secrete progesterone when pregnancy occurs, _____ ______ _______ occur
early spontaneous abortions
76
early spontaneous abortions are a _____ ______ ______
luteal phase defect
77
average daily blood loss during menses:
______mL
80
78
average daily iron loss during menses:
___-___mg
0.5-1
79
progesterone is found in the greastest amounts during the ______ phase of ovulation
secretory
80
during the menstrual phase of the uterine cycle:
_____ levels are low
______ thinned
estrogen
endometrium
81
the menstrual phase occurs when the ovum is _____ ______
NOT FERTILIZED
82
menstrual phase of the uterine cycle is days ___-___
1-6
83
the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle is days ______-______
7-14
84
in the beginning of the proliferative phase, endometrial glands ______, become ______, and _____ in response to increasing estrogen levels
enlarge
twisted
longer
85
in the beginning of the proliferative phase, endometrial glands enlarge, become twisted, and longer in response to increasing ______ levels
estrogen
86
during the proliferative phase, estrogen levels reach peak just before ______
ovulation
87
at the end of the proliferative phase, cervical mucosa is _____, ____, and ______
thin
watery
clear
88
at the end of the proliferative phase, cervical mucosa is more ________, making it more favorable to sperm
alkaline
89
secretory phase of uterine cycle is days ____-____
15-26
90
during the secretory phase, ______ levels drop sharply
estrogen
91
during the secretory phase, ______ dominates
progesterone
92
during the secretory phase, progesterone causes marked swelling in the _______
endometrium
93
during the secretory phase, ________ causes marked swelling in the endometrium
progesterone
94
if implantation occurs in the secretory phase, the ____ continues to develop and become thicker
endometrium
95
in the secretory phase, _____ _____ cells begin to fill with cellular debris
glandular epithelial
96
ischemic phase of uterine cycle is days ___-____
27-28
97
in the _______ phase, the corpus luteum begins to degenerate, causing both estrogen and progesterone levels to fall
ischemic
98
in the ischemic phase, the corpus luteum begins to degenerate, causing _____ and _____ levels to fall
estrogen
progesterone
99
ischemic phase characterized by escape of blood into ______ cells of the uterus
stromal
100
if fertilization doesn't occur during the secretory phase, the ____ phase begins
ischemic
