Reproductive system

Question 1

organs that produce sperm and sex hormones

Answer 1

testes

Question 2

pouch of skin containing testes. It hangs outside the body to keep the sperm cooler than normal body temperature.

Answer 2

scrotum

Question 3

sacs containing egg cells

Answer 3

follicles

Question 4

tiny tubes joining the ovaries to the uterus. Fertilisation occurs in one of these tubes.

Answer 4

fallopian tubes

Question 5

penetration of the ovum by a sperm

Answer 5

fertilisation

Question 6

joining together of male and female reproductive cells

Answer 6

sexual reproduction

Question 7

reproductive cells (sperm or ova) containing half the genetic information of normal cells

Answer 7

gametes

Question 8

male reproductive cell. It consists of a head, a middle section and a tail used to swim towards the egg.

Answer 8

sperm

Question 9

female gametes or sex cells. Singular = ovum.

Answer 9

ova

Question 10

a cell formed by the fusion of two gametes; fertilised ovum before it starts to divide into more cells

Answer 10

zygote

Question 11

reproduction where the eggs are released by the female into the water and fertilised by sperm released nearby

Answer 11

external fertilisation

Question 12

reproduction where the egg remains in the female and is fertilised by sperm inserted into the FEMA

Answer 12

internal fertilisation

Question 13

the act of inserting sperm into the female; also called sexual intercourse or mating

Answer 13

copulation

Question 14

act of inserting sperm into the female; also called copulation or mating

Answer 14

sexual intercourse

Question 15

cell division process that results in new cells with half the number of chromosomes of the original cell

Answer 15

meiosis

Question 16

a new branch of science that involves studying the effect of our experiences on the expression of our genetic information

Answer 16

epigenetics

Question 17

genetic material passed on from both parents, from the nucleus of both the sperm and the ovum

Answer 17

nuclear DNA

Question 18

genetic material from the mitochondria passed on only from the mother

Answer 18

mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

Question 19

release of sperm

Answer 19

ejaculation

Question 20

combination of fluid and sperm

Answer 20

semen

Question 21

twins developed from the same fertilised egg

Answer 21

identical twins

Question 22

twins developed from different fertilised eggs

Answer 22

fraternal twins

Question 23

the reproductive part of angiosperms containing petals, stamens and carpels. They are often colourful to attract pollinating insects.

Answer 23

flowers

Question 24

the coloured parts of a flower that attract insects

Answer 24

petals

Question 25

parts of a flower, at the base of the petals, that secrete nectar

Answer 25

nectaries

Question 26

the fine powder containing the pollen grains (the male sex cells of a plant)

Answer 26

pollen

Question 27

the female part of a flower, at the top of the carpel, that catches the pollen during pollination

Answer 27

stigma

Question 28

transfer of pollen from the stamen (the male part) of a flower to the stigma (the female part) of a flower

Answer 28

pollination

Question 29

transfer of pollen from the flower’s own stamen to its stigma

Answer 29

self-pollination

Question 30

transfer of pollen from stamens of one flower to the stigma of a flower of another plant of the same species

Answer 30

cross-pollination

Question 31

body parts of insects from other flowers

Answer 31

insect-pollinated flowers

Question 32

flowers that receive pollen carried on the flower that receives pollen carried by the wind from another flower

Answer 32

wind-pollinated flowers

Question 33

the male part of a flower that makes pollen

Answer 33

anthers

Question 34

the male gametes of a flower

Answer 34

pollen grains

Question 35

long tube growing from a pollen grain through the style to the ovule

Answer 35

pollen tube

Question 36

the supporting part of a flower that holds the stigma

Answer 36

style

Question 37

receptacle within an ovary that contains egg cells

Answer 37

ovules

Question 38

in plants, the hollow, lower end of the carpel containing the ovules (the female egg cells); in animals, the female organ that produces ova and reproductive hormones

Answer 38

ovary

Question 39

penetration of the ovum by a sperm

Answer 39

fertilisation

Question 40

food supply for the embryo plant in a seed

Answer 40

endosperm

Question 41

product of a fertilised ovule

Answer 41

seed

Question 42

the protective layer around a seed

Answer 42

seed coat

Question 43

the ripened ovary of a flower, enclosing seeds

Answer 43

fruit

Question 44

scatter the seeds from plants

Answer 44

disperse

Question 45

small bud at the tip of the embryo plant in a seed

Answer 45

plumule

Question 46

the beginnings of a root making up a part of a plant embryo inside a seed

Answer 46

radicle

Question 47

special leaves of the embryo plant inside a seed that provides food for the developing seedling

Answer 47

cotyledons

Question 48

the first sign of growth from the seed of a plant

Answer 48

germination

Question 49

the young plant produced from the embryo in the seed after germination

Answer 49

seedling